A high-speed, highly efficient chemoselective N-acylation by anhydride was achieved in the absence of catalyst for exothermic (DeltaH>0) and endothermic (DeltaH<0) acylation of various amines and anilines with the microreaction system of ambient water (micro-onH2O) and subcritical water (micro-subH2O), where the desired N-acylated products are chemoselectively obtained with high yield(s) and ex...

A catalytic enantioselective route to C1 - and C2 -symmetric 2,2'-spirobiindanones has been realized through an intramolecular enolate C-acylation. This reaction employs a chiral ammonium counterion to direct the acylation of an in situ generated ketone enolate with a pentafluorophenyl ester. This reaction constitutes the first example of a direct catalytic enantioselective C-acylation of a ket...

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a proinflammation cytokine secreted by various cells. Understanding its secretive pathway is important to understand the biological functions of TNF-α and diseases associated with TNF-α. TNF-α is one of the first proteins known be modified by lysine fatty acylation (e.g. myristoylation). We previously demonstrated that SIRT6, a member of the mammalian sirtuin ...

Bagasse acetate butyrates were prepared homogeneously in 1-butyl-3methylimidazolium chloride ([C4mim]Cl) ionic liquid from ball-milled sugarcane bagasse by acylation with acetic anhydride and butyric anhydride. The parameters, including reaction temperature, reaction time, feeding method of adding anhydrides, the dosage of total anhydrides to SCB, and the molar ratio of acetic anhydride to buty...

When [14C]arachidonoyl-CoA was incubated with crude extracts of rat liver microsomes, [14C]arachidonic acid was incorporated into many proteins, suggesting that modification of these proteins with fatty acid, i.e. acylation, occurred. Using a [14C]arachidonyl-CoA labelling assay, 50 and 53 kDa proteins were purified from rat liver microsomes to near homogeneity by sequential chromatography on R...

Heterogeneous N-terminal glycine acylation recently has been reported for two proteins involved in visual signal transduction. Similar N-acylations have typically involved only myristate; however, none of the previously examined proteins were isolated from retinas. To determine whether heterogeneous N-acylation is tissue-specific or protein sequence-specific, the N-terminal modifications of the...

S-acylation, also known as S-palmitoylation or palmitoylation, is a reversible post-translational lipid modification in which long chain fatty acid, usually the 16-carbon palmitate, covalently attaches to a cysteine residue(s) throughout the protein via a thioester bond. It is involved in an array of important biological processes during growth and development, reproduction and stress responses...

Here, we report insights into the new recyclable catalyst 1, (DMAP·saccharin). The DMAP·saccharin-catalysed acylation of alcohols has been successfully carried out more than 8 times. Only 1 mol% of catalyst 1 efficiently promotes acylation with almost equimolar amounts of acid anhydrides, under both base-free and solvent-free conditions.