introduction:  breast  cancer  is  a  leading  cause  of  death  among  females  throughout  the  world.  currently,  radiologists are able to detect only 75% of breast cancer cases. making use of computer-aided design (cad)  can play an important role in helping radiologists perform more accurate diagnoses.   material and methods: using our hybrid method, the background and the pectoral muscle...

various methods for parametric interpolation of nurbs curves have been proposed in the past. however, the errors caused by the approximate nature of the nurbs interpolator were rarely taken into account. this paper proposes an integrated look-ahead algorithm for parametric interpolation along nurbs curves. the algorithm interpolates the sharp corners on the curve with the pythagorean-hodograph ...

one of the significant strategies of the power systems is economic dispatch (ed) problem, which is defined as the optimal generation of power units to produce energy at the lowest cost by fulfilling the demand within several limits. the undeniable impacts of ramp rate limits, valve loading, prohibited operating zone, spinning reserve and multi-fuel option on the economic dispatch of practical p...

ant colony optimisation (aco) algorithm and adaptive refinement mechanism are used in this paper for solution of optimization problems. many of the real engineering problems are، however، of continuous nature and finding their solution by discrete ant based algorithms requires discretisation of the decision variables in which affected the convergence and performance of the algorithm. in this pa...

this paper proposes a novel hybrid algorithm namely apso-bfo which combines merits of bacterial foraging optimization (bfo) algorithm and adaptive particle swarm optimization (apso) algorithm to determine the optimal pid parameters for control of nonlinear systems. to balance between exploration and exploitation, the proposed hybrid algorithm accomplishes global search over the whole search spa...

one of the problems associated with adaptive fir filters in the identification of systems with long impulse responses, is their excessive computational complexity. recently a new kind of adaptive filters, based on three-level clipping of the input signal has been presented for reduction of their computational complexity. in this paper, a theoretical analysis of the steady-state misalignment of ...

providing a high-quality service for transmission and playing real-time voice conversations (voice streaming) over wireless ad-hoc networks is no mean feat. buffering together with adjusting the playout time of the packets is a receiver-side solution to overcome this challenge. in this paper, a new adaptive playout adjustment algorithm is proposed to stream the voice conversations over wireless...