ZSM-5-containing catalytic additives are widely used in oil refineries to boost light olefin production and improve gasoline octanes in the Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) process. Under the hydrothermal conditions present in the FCC regenerator (typically >700 °C and >8% steam), FCC catalysts and additives are subject to deactivation. Zeolites (e.g., Rare Earth USY in the base catalyst and ZSM-...

OBJECTIVES This study combines chemical analysis and flavour descriptions of flavour additives used in tobacco products, and provides a starting point to build an extensive library of flavour components, useful for product surveillance. METHODS Headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to compare 22 commercially available tobacco products (cigarettes and roll-your-own) e...

The aim of the research project was to identify ways to maximise the flexibility of the plant by varying equipment utilization, while guaranteeing a certain level of profit. A case study was conducted at a company that makes various types of food additives, which are produced in a multi-product multipurpose batch plant. At the time of the research, market demand was exceeding the company's prod...

Food additives have been in use since prehistoric times. Early additives included salt, honey, wine and spices, all used largely for preservative or flavouring purposes. Later methods of preserving food included salting and smoke-curing of meats to enable an all round year's supply. In recent times there has been a considerable increase in the number and nature of additives available; they are ...

A series of laboratory tests were conducted to assess the effects of Fe-containing fuel additives on aerosols emitted by a diesel engine retrofitted with a sintered metal filter (SMF) system. Emission measurements performed upstream and downstream of the SMF system were compared, for cases when the engine was fueled with neat ultralow sulfur diesel (ULSD) and with ULSD treated with two formulat...

the present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of vegetable fat sources and additives on performance and morphological parameters of the small intestine of arain broiler chickens. birds were randomly used in a 2×3 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments included two fat sources (canola or pumpkin seed) and three additives (without additive, 0.1 g/kg probiotic and 0.15 g/kg virgin...

Article history: Received 15 April 2016 Received in revised form 27 September 2016 Accepted 5 October 2016 Available online 6 October 2016 In this study, Re-Ni alloys with high Re content were electrodeposited on copper substrates from aqueous solutions containing additives with a combination of vanillin, sodium lauryl sulfate and gelatin. The bath additives were found to have a significant eff...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the new trends in plastic additives, with special focus on developments in food packaging materials. Design/methodology/approach – Phenomenological research has brought awareness and increased insight into the role of various plastic additives on the packaging of foods. The approach is based on the current trends and the industrial protocols for ...

This article summarizes the experimental knowledge on efficacy, possible modes of action, and aspects of application of phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and poultry. Phytogenic feed additives comprise a wide variety of herbs, spices, and products derived thereof, and are mainly essential oils. The assumption that phytogenic compounds might improve the palatability of feed has not...