-Adrenoceptors contribute to hypertension in spite of the fact that -adrenoceptor agonists lower blood pressure. We aimed to differentiate between these functions and to identify differences between spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats. -Adrenoceptor antagonists with different subtype selectivity or the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier were used to demonstrate -adrenoceptor ...

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is an analgesia inducing method with increasing applications in clinical procedures. In this study we tried to evaluate the role of the adrenergic system and its different adrenoceptor subtypes in TENS-induced analgesia. Two types of low and high frequency electrical stimuli were used in rats through needle electrodes, inserted at the base ...

Although the prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB) is similar in both male and female populations, females have a greater tendency to seek medical advice regarding their symptoms. A review of the evidence of therapy among women shows that a variety of modalities has been shown to be effective for symptom improvement in women with OAB. Bladder retraining/re-education should be considered for al...

PURPOSE Beta-2 adrenoceptor antagonists such as timolol have been used in the treatment of glaucoma for more than 30 years. Several functionally important polymorphisms for the beta-2 receptor have been described. In the present study we hypothesized that a relation between the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect of timolol and beta-2 adrenoceptor polymorphisms may exist. METHODS A tot...

In congestive heart failure patients, treatment with beta-adrenoceptor antagonists improves symptoms and decreases mortality. However, intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists might be disadvantageous in chronic heart failure. The nonselective beta1- and beta2-adrenoceptor antagonist bucindolol has failed to decrease mortality in clinical trials. A putative beta4-adre...

β-Adrenoceptor antagonists boast a 50-year use for symptomatic control in numerous cardiovascular diseases. One might expect highly selective antagonists are available for the human β-adrenoceptor subtype involved in these diseases, yet few truly β1-selective molecules exist. To address this clinical need, we re-evaluated LK 204-545 (1), (1) a selective β1-adrenoceptor antagonist, and discovere...

The effect of selectivity of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists on resting and post-exercise airway calibre in normal subjects was studied. Eight normal subjects were given atenolol 50 mg, propranolol 80 mg and placebo orally, in random order, double-blind. Specific airways conductance and flow-volume curves (partial and complete) were recorded before, 2 hours after drug administration and after exe...

we investigated the a,-adrenoceptor subtypes of rabbit saphenous vein which has a mixed functional population of α1 and α2 -adrenoceptors. lateral saphenous veins were obtained from male rabbits weighing 3.20-4 kg, which were killed by overdose with pentobarbitone sodium (i.v. injection). they were easily dissected out and placed in cold, oxygenated modified krebs-henselite solution (krebs). ea...

The present study examined the influence of alpha-2 adrenoceptor ligands on circling behavior in rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway. The alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists, clonidine and UK 14304, inhibited both the ipsilateral rotation induced by the indirect dopaminergic agonist, methylphenidate, and the contralateral circling induced by the direct dopamine...