OBJECTIVE To explore aerodynamic, acoustic, and laryngeal changes surrounding opera performance. STUDY DESIGN Prospective preperformance, postperformance, and day after performance. METHODS The laryngeal and vocal function of five male and five female classically trained singers was assessed immediately before, immediately after, and 1 day after an actual operatic performance. Phonatory thr...

An interesting characteristic of avian gliders is their ability to soar or remain aloft without flapping their wings for long periods. There are two ways to do this. In static soaring a bird maintains or gains altitude by gliding in air that has an upward velocity component equal to or greater than the bird's sinking speed. In dynamic soaring a bird uses changes in the horizontal wind-velocity ...

The nonstationary separated incompressible flows around Darrieus and Savonius rotors of vertical-axis wind turbines were investigated through computational simulation using the Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations Spalart–Allmaras turbulence model. implicit finite-volume algorithm, basis which was artificial compressibility method, chosen to obtain numerical solution. series physical exper...

A new airfoil design method for H type vertical axis wind turbine is introduced in the present study. A novel indicator is defined to evaluate vertical axis wind turbine aerodynamic performance at variable tip speed ratios and selected as the airfoil design objective. A mathematic model describing the relationship between airfoil design variables and objective is presented for direct airfoil de...

The diversity of wing morphologies in birds reflects their variety of flight styles and the associated aerodynamic and inertial requirements. Although the aerodynamics underlying wing morphology can be informed by aeronautical research, important differences exist between planes and birds. In particular, birds operate at lower, transitional Reynolds numbers than do most aircraft. To date, few q...

We report in this article the development of a tool to design and evaluate aerodynamic lens systems: the Aerodynamic Lens Calculator. This Calculator enables quick and convenient design of aerodynamic lens systems based on the parameterized knowledge gained from our detailed numerical simulations of flow and particle transport through aerodynamic lens systems. It designs the key dimensions of a...

A new optimization approach for robust design, design for multi-objective six sigma (DFMOSS) has been developed and applied to robust aerodynamic airfoil design for Mars exploratory airplane. The present robust aerodynamic airfoil design optimization using DFMOSS successfully showed the trade-off information between maximization and robustness improvement in aerodynamic performance by a single ...

With the improving capabilities of Computational Fluids Dynamics (CFD) on predicting aerodynamic performance, these tools are now being increasingly used for aerodynamic design optimization in the aerospace industry. In this paper, an automated optimization framework is presented to address inviscid aerodynamic design problems. Key aspects of this framework include the use of the continuous adj...