A covering of a multigraph G is a subset of edges which meet ail vertices of G. Partitions of the edges of G into coverings Ci, C2,..., Ck are considered. In particular we examine how close the cardinalities of thèse coverings may be. A resuit concerning matchings is extended to the décomposition into coverings. Finally thèse considérations are generalized to the décompositions of the vertices ...

BACKGROUND It may be clinically useful to predict the depth of the epidural space. METHODS To investigate the accuracy of preoperative abdominal computed tomography (CT) in prediction of the distance for low-thoracic epidural insertion, a single group observational study was conducted in 30 male patients undergoing elective major abdominal surgery requiring epidural analgesia for postoperativ...

Yersinia enterocolitica, a cause of emerging enteric infections, is a foodborne pathogen associated with various enteric and systemic syndromes, e.g., diarrhea, enteritis, and enterocolitis. Therefore, the detection of this pathogen has important significance. Previous real-time PCR for detection of Y. enterocolitica was primarily based on the ail gene; biotype 1A nonpathogenic strains were not...

Auxin is an important regulator of many aspects of plant growth and development. During reproductive development, auxin specifies the site of flower initiation and subsequently regulates organ growth and patterning as well as later events that determine reproductive success. Underlying auxin action in plant tissues is its uneven distribution, resulting in groups of cells with high auxin levels ...

BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus arthritis causes severe and rapid joint damage despite antibiotics. Thus, there is a need to identify new treatment targets in addition to antibiotics. Lately, interleukin 15 (IL-15) has been implicated both in osteoclastogenesis and in bacterial clearance-2 important issues in S. aureus-induced joint destruction. This has prompted us to investigate the importan...

BACKGROUND Yersiniosis is believed to be the third most common intestinal zoonosis in the European Union, after campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis. Yersinia enterocolitica is the most common species responsible for human infections. Pigs are regarded as the biggest reservoir of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica strains, which are mainly isolated from pig tonsils. The aim of this paper is to examin...

Yersinia enterocolitica has been detected in surface water, and drinking untreated water is a risk factor for infection. PCR-based methods have been used to detect Y. enterocolitica in various sample types, but quantitative studies have not been conducted in water. In this study, quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based methods targeting the Yersinia virulence genes ail and yadA were used to survey the Gr...

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) provides new opportunities for K-12 English as foreign language (EFL) teachers to improve their teaching. To address the emerging trend of integrating AI into teaching, this study investigated EFL teachers’ perceptions, knowledge, and behavioral intention use support teaching learning in middle schools. This combined relevant aspects Unified Theory Acceptan...