background: ultrasound propagation velocity was measured experimentally in normal, fibroadenoma and ductal carcinoma breast tissues, in order to distinguish normal breast tissue from tumors. materials and methods: in quantitative measurements of ultrasound velocity, 403 breast tissue images were selected, comprising 130 normal breast tissue, 130 fibroadenoma, and 143 ductal carcinoma tumors. th...

breast cancer is common and is considered second cause of cancer related mortality in females. regarding importance of breast cancer, more investigation in this field is recommended. for many years investigators believed that neoplasms were not innervated but new findings have proved otherwise. this descriptive study was carried out to compare number of nerve fibers in benign, malignant and nor...

Breast cancer is the most common type of malignancy among females. Previous studies examining breast cancer tissue have demonstrated the presence of stem cells, and have detected octamer‑binding protein 4 (Oct4) and Nanog transcription factor expression. In the present study, breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated and enriched from MDA‑MB‑231 breast cancer cell lines, and were defined as...

Mammography, using X-rays, is routinely utilized for screening of patients for prevention of breast cancer. Nevertheless, there is a small but significant risk of radiation induced carcinogenenesis associated with radiation exposure of the breast, being glandular tissue the most sensitive one among the tissues composing breast. Risk estimation in mammography may be determined by the mean absorb...

PURPOSE To compare International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) bladder and rectum reference points doses with volumetric doses in 3D intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) for cervical cancer. Also to compare bladder, rectum and sigmoid (organs at risk, OARs) volume doses with dose constraints recommended by the (GYN) GEC-ESTRO Working Group. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrosp...

Reverse-biased silicon p-n junction arrays have been proposed as microdosimetry detectors. The tissue equivalence of such detectors in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is discussed. A comparison of the range-energy relationships of H, He, C, and Li ions in tissue (ICRU-muscle) and silicon is given. A simple geometrical scaling (approximately 0.63) of linear dimensions is required to convert...

The aim of this study is to determine the effects correction-based algorithms on dose distributions in inhomogeneous medium and dosimetric parameters depending preferred breast lung treatment plans. In planning system (TPS) which Pencil Beam Convolution (PBC) calculation algorithm used, calculations were performed different Modified Batho Equivalent Tissue-Air Ratio (ETAR) for soft tissue, bone...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Most of the studies in which medium dose rate (MDR) or high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy have been used for the treatment of cervical carcinoma were prescribed according to the Manchester system. This study aims to present early results of exclusive radiotherapy, which includes MDR brachytherapy, performed using ICRU 38 recommendations to their full extent. MATERIALS A...

A lack of suitable dosimetric quantities for application in diagnostic radiology is noted by Dr Moores. It is concluded by Dr Moores that it is not possible to adhere to the basic principles of the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) regarding patient dosimetry in diagnostic radiology due to the extremely wide variety of quantities and units employed. The conclus...