Angiotensin-converting enzyme catalyzes the formation of angiotensin II (Ang II) from Ang I but also degrades bradykinin (BK). Ang II, acting through the AT1 receptor, is a potent vasoconstrictor, stimulates norepinephrine release from sympathetic nerve terminals in the heart, and causes hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes. BK, via activation of the BK2 receptor, stimulates the release of NO and pr...

We show that there exist infinitely many examples of pairs of knots, K1 and K2, that have no epimorphism π1(S 3 \K1)→ π1(S \K2) preserving peripheral structure although their A-polynomials have the factorization AK2(L,M) | AK1(L,M). Our construction accounts for most of the known factorizations of this form for knots with 10 or fewer crossings. In particular, we conclude that while an epimorphi...

To help complete the genetic map of north Indian hill state of Himachal Pradesh, data on various polymorphic red cell enzyme systems are presented among people inhabiting its central district of Kulu. Blood samples from three main endogamous caste populations of the area viz., the Brahmin (n=114), Rajput (n=234) and Koli (n=101) were collected randomly from unrelated subjects. Haemolysates were...

Our prior study had shown that resveratrol was a potent cardioprotective agent in rats with myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we further evaluated the mechanism of cardioprotection of resveratrol by proteomic analysis. After permanent ligation of the left anterior descending artery under isoflurane anesthesia, surviving rats were randomly allocated to three groups and treated with resv...

Iterative methods are often suitable for solving least-squares problems minkAx bk2 , where A 2 R n is large and sparse. The use of the conjugate gradient method with a nonsingular square submatrix A1 2 R n of A as preconditioner was first suggested by Läuchli in 1961. This conjugate gradient method has recently been extended by Yuan to generalized least-squares problems. In this paper we consid...

A positive real sequence (ak) n k=0 is said to be unimodal if there exist integers k0, k1, 0 ≤ k0 ≤ k1 ≤ n such that a0 ≤ a1 ≤ · · · ≤ ak0 = ak0+1 = · · · = ak1 ≥ ak1+1 ≥ · · · ≥ an. The integers l, k0 ≤ l ≤ k1 are called the modes of the sequence. If k0 < k1 then (ak)k=0 is said to have a plateau of k1 − k0 + 1 elements; if k0 = k1 then it is said to have a peak. A real sequence is said to be ...

BACKGROUND Mapping the expression changes during breast cancer development should facilitate basic and translational research that will eventually improve our understanding and clinical management of cancer. However, most studies in this area are challenged by genetic and environmental heterogeneities associated with cancer. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We conducted proteomics of the MCF10A...

The human reference genome, maintained by the Genome Reference Consortium, is conceivably the most complete genome assembly ever, since its first construction. It has continually been improved by incorporating corrections made to the previous assemblies, thanks to various technological advances. Many currently-ongoing population sequencing projects have been based on this reference genome, heig...

Adenylate kinase and downstream AMP signaling is an integrated metabolic monitoring system which reads the cellular energy state in order to tune and report signals to metabolic sensors. A network of adenylate kinase isoforms (AK1-AK7) are distributed throughout intracellular compartments, interstitial space and body fluids to regulate energetic and metabolic signaling circuits, securing effici...