A Large-Eddy Simulation of several cycles of a spark-ignition engine with port fuel injection has been performed. The investigated engine is a modified Rotax-engine with one cylinder and four valves, built and measured (Heidenreich, Private communication) by the Institute of Reciprocating Engines of the University of Karlsruhe (IFKM). A recently modified (Magagnato et al., 2008) progress variab...

In the last two decades several deterministic models for predicting fire behaviour have been developed. One of the most common fire growth model is the computer program Farsite (Finney, 1998), based on the Rothermel’s original fire spread equation. Farsite describes the spatial and temporal spread and behaviour of fire under different terrain, fuels, and weather conditions. It is currently used...

Here we present an autonomous implantable device for vasopressin monitoring and prevention of latephase hemorrhagic shock powered using a novel non-enzymatic fuel cell unit. The device consists of a biosensor, drug delivery device and fuel cell unit. The innovative stacked single-layer fuel cell (SLFC) design allows to achieve small packaging volume and reduces oxygen cross-over at the anode re...

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are a completely new carbon material that are expected to become typical raw material for nanotechnology, applied to such broad fields as composite materials, electronic devices, drug delivery nanocapsules, etc. (Abrahamson & Nair, 2008; Abrikosov et al., 2005; Ahmad et al., 2006; Ajayan & Zhou, 2001; Avouris, 2002; Back & Shim, 2006; Bordjiba et al., 2008; Danilov et al....

Recently Fisher-Vanden et al (2004) have used firm level data to estimate an energy intensity function for a large number of enterprises in China. This is the first study to use the regression approach to examining the relationships between fuel prices and fuel consumption in China. One of the major findings of the study is that firms are very responsive to relative fuel price changes. However,...

Cancer cells have distinctive nutrient demands to fuel growth and proliferation, including the disproportionate use of glucose, glutamine, and fatty acids. Comerford et al. and Mashimo et al. now demonstrate that several types of cancer are avid consumers of acetate, which facilitates macromolecular biosynthesis and histone modification.

As a result of declining oil reserves in the world, the rise in fossil fuel prices and growing interest in the environment, there is considerable demand for alternative fuels. Biodiesel is recognized like the "green fuel" and has several advantages compared to diesel. It is safe, renewable, nontoxic, and biodegradable (98% biodegradable in a few weeks). Contains less sulfur compounds, and has a...

The United States is now re-assessing its nuclear waste disposal policy and re-evaluating the option of moving away from the current once-through open fuel cycle to a closed fuel cycle. In a closed fuel cycle, used fuels will be reprocessed and useful components such as uranium or transuranics will be recovered for reuse (e.g., Bodansky, 2006). During this process, a variety of waste streams wi...

A simple energy harvesting strategy has been developed to selectively catalyze glucose in the presence of oxygen in a glucose/O2 fuel cell. The anode consists of an abiotic catalyst Al/Au/ZnO, in which ZnO seed layer was deposited on the surface of Al/Au substrate using hydrothermal method. The cathode is constructed from a single rod of platinumwith an outer diameter of 500 mm. The abiotic glu...