The epithelial sodium channel is a multimeric protein formed by three homologous subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma; each subunit contains only two transmembrane domains. The level of expression of each of the subunits is markedly different in various Na+ absorbing epithelia raising the possibility that channels with different subunit composition can function in vivo. We have examined the functio...

The mechanism of G protein beta gamma subunit (G beta gamma)-induced activation of the muscarinic K+ channel (KACh) in the guinea pig atrial cell membrane was examined using the inside-out patch clamp technique. G beta gamma and GTP-gamma S-bound alpha subunits (G alpha *'s) of pertussis toxin (PT)-sensitive G proteins were purified from bovine brain. Either in the presence or absence of Mg2+, ...

G protein subunit association and dissociation are thought to play an important role in signal transduction. We measured alpha beta gamma heterocomplex formation using resonance energy transfer. Fluorescein-labelled alpha(F-alpha) emission was quenched approximately 10% on mixing with eosin-labelled beta gamma(E-beta gamma). Unlabelled beta gamma did not quench F-alpha fluorescence. Stopped-flo...

GABAA receptor channels (GABARs) composed of varying combinations of alpha 1, beta 1, and gamma 2S subunits were transiently expressed in mammalian cell lines. The whole-cell patch-clamp recording technique was used to determine which combinations of GABAR subunits produced functional receptor channels and whether assembly of GABAR subunits into receptor channels followed a random or preferred ...

The major target of our research paper is to demonstrate the boundedness, stability and periodicity solutions following third- order difference equation 
 $$
 w_{n+1} = \alpha w_{n} +\frac {\beta+ \gamma w_{n_-2} }{\delta+\zeta w_{n-2}} , \;\;\;\; n 0,1,2,\dots
 where $w_{-2}$, $w_{-1}$, $w_{0} $ are arbitrary real numbers values $\alpha$, $\beta$, $\gamma$, $\delta$, $\zeta$ def...

The stochastic process of the form \[ {X_{t}}={\int _{0}^{t}}{s^{\alpha }}\left({\int _{s}^{t}}{u^{\beta }}{(u-s)^{\gamma }}\hspace{0.1667em}du\right)\hspace{0.1667em}d{W_{s}}\] is considered, where W a standard Wiener process, $\alpha >-\frac{1}{2}$, $\gamma >-1$, and +\beta +\gamma >-\frac{3}{2}$. It proved that X well-defined continuous. asymptotic properties variances bounds for in...

The interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) is known to be comprised of at least three genetically distinct subunits termed alpha, beta, and gamma. These chains can be expressed individually or in various combinations resulting in distinct receptors with different affinities for IL-2. In contrast to alpha and beta, the cell surface expression of the gamma chain protein previously has not been well-chara...

GABA(A) receptors are the major inhibitory transmitter receptors in the CNS. Recombinant GABA(A) receptors composed of alpha(1)beta(3)gamma(2) subunits have been demonstrated to assemble as pentamers consisting of two alpha(1), two beta(3), and one gamma(2) subunit. Using truncated and chimeric alpha(1) subunits, we identified the alpha(1)(80-100) sequence as a major binding site for gamma(2) s...

Martindale proved that under some conditions every multiplicative isomorphism between two rings is additive. In this paper, we extend this theorem to a larger class of mappings and conclude that every multiplicative $(alpha, beta)-$derivation is additive.

Interferon (IFN) is crucial for initiating the innate immune response and for the generation of the adaptive response. IFN, in most species, comprises IFN-alpha (IFN-alpha), IFN-beta (IFN-beta) and IFN-gamma (IFN-gamma). In this study, we compared the capacity of porcine IFN-alpha, -beta and -gamma, or a combination of them, to protect IBRS-2 cells (porcine kidney cells) from infection with pse...