Structural concrete exposed to marine environment deserves special attention as the diffused sea salts chemically react with harden cement matrix and forms various expansive/leachable compounds leading to loss of material, strength, cracking, spalling etc. This study cover the effect of sea water on the specimens cast from two grades of concrete exposed to simulated marine environment over a ye...

Italy is Europe's leading rice producer, with over half of total production almost totally concentrated in the north-western part Padana plain. In this area, irrigation has traditionally been carried out by wet seeding and continuous flooding. The replacement technique dry delayed flooding last 15 years brought economic benefits to farmers but also strong impacts water resource system character...

Isotropic phase de-wetting of discotic liquid crystals on a surface patterned with alternating ~5-10 μm wide wetting and stripes results in the formation long narrow droplets. On slow cooling into columnar phase, crystal aligns such that columns lie either across or along stripes. However, if are wider and/or rate is too fast, defects appear. When there many defects, result complex zigzag wavy ...