Four anion exchange membranes (AEMs) incorporating multi N-spirocyclic quaternary ammoniums via an ultraviolet (UV)-curing method were prepared and tested as separators in zinc (Zn) slurry-air flow batteries (referred to here ZSAFBs), environmentally friendly, high specific energy, low cost energy storage device. The cations chain was grafted onto the PPO backbone a hexyl spacer its length, thu...

Sterically crowded organic cations are widely incorporated into aromatic polymers as anion exchange membranes (AEMs) materials to improve the chemical stability. However, due reduced entanglement between polymers, these AEMs suffer from poor mechanical properties, low conductivity, and insufficient water uptake, impeding their further application in alkaline fuel cells. To address limitations, ...

INTRODUCTION Biological samples, pharmaceuticals or food contain proteins, lipids, polymers, ammoniums and macromolecules that alter the detection of infectious agents by DNA amplification techniques (PCR). Moreover the targeted DNA has to be released from the complex cell walls and the compact nucleoprotein matrixes and cleared from potential inhibitors. The goal of the present work was to ass...

In the period between 1950 and i960 there were a number of reports of the relative insensitivity of insect nerves and ganglia to various electrolytes, drugs and toxicants which affected vertebrate nervous systems. Examples include: potassium acting on the crural nerve of the locust, Locusta migratoria (Hoyle, 1952, 1953); potassium and acetylcholine acting on ganglia of the American cockroach P...

We studied block of the internal pore of the ROMK1 inward-rectifier K 1 channel by Mg 2 1 and five quaternary ammoniums (tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, tetrapropylammonium, tetrabutylammonium, and tetrapentylammonium). The apparent affinity of these blockers varied as a function of membrane voltage. As a consequence, the channel conducted K 1 current more efficiently in the inward tha...

One of the latest techniques that used in recent decade to rapid detection of pathogenic agent in water and food is chromogenic media. These media are very specific and their component act as substrate for specific enzyme and depending on enzyme exhibit special color. This study is an introduction to chromogenic media as a powerful tool to rapid identification of bacterial and fungal agent in w...