In this paper two different rateless transmissionschemes are developed. In the proposed scheme, relay node candecode and forward the message to the destination if they areable to decode it, or amplify and forward the message to thedestination. Based on the analysis and simulation resultsprovided in this paper, the proposed method has bettertransmission time than the scheme which only the relay ...

Increasing wildfire and declining snowpacks in mountain regions threaten water availability. We combine satellite-based fire detections with snow seasonality classifications to examine activity California's seasonal ephemeral zones. find a nearly tenfold increase during 2020–2021 versus 2001–2019. Accumulation season broadband albedo declined 25%–71% at two burned sites (2021 2022) according in...