PURPOSE Subjective push-up tests and dynamic retinoscopy are standard clinical accommodation tests. These are inadequate for assessing if accommodation can be restored in presbyopes. Commercially available clinical autorefractors offer potentially reliable methods for objective accommodation measurement. This study evaluated accuracy and reliability of the Grand Seiko WR-5100K autorefractor for...

The aim of this work was to ascertain whether there are differences in amplitude, latency, and peak velocity of accommodation and disaccommodation responses when different analysis strategies are used to compute them, such as fitting different functions to the responses or for smoothing them prior to computing the parameters. Accommodation and disaccommodation responses from four subjects to pu...

There has been no comprehensive study involving each of the primary dynamic components of accommodation in the same cohort as related to age and presbyopic onset; furthermore, the current findings are equivocal. Dynamic monocular components of accommodation (latency, time constant, peak velocity/amplitude relationship, and microfluctuations) were assessed objectively using an infrared optometer...

Introduction. We evaluated the effectiveness of office-based accommodative/vergence therapy (OBAVT) with home reinforcement to improve accommodative function in myopic children with poor accommodative response. Methods. This was a prospective unmasked pilot study. 14 Chinese myopic children aged 8 to 12 years with at least 1 D of lag of accommodation were enrolled. All subjects received 12 week...

Previous studies have found that subjects can increase the velocity of accommodation using visual exercises such as pencil push ups, flippers, Brock strings and the like and myriad papers have shown improvement in accommodation facility (speed) and sufficiency (amplitude) using subjective tests following vision training but few have objectively measured accommodation before and after training i...

Hippocampal pyramidal neurons in vitro exhibit transient learning-dependent reductions in the amplitude and duration of calcium-dependent postburst afterhyperpolarizations (AHPs), accompanied by other increases in excitability (i.e., increased firing rate, or reduced spike-frequency accommodation) after trace eyeblink conditioning or spatial learning, with a time-course appropriate to support c...

Accommodation, the mechanism by which the eye focuses on near objects, is lost with increasing age in humans and monkeys. This pathophysiology, called presbyopia, is poorly understood. We studied aging-related changes in the dynamics of accommodation in rhesus monkeys aged 4-24 yr after total iridectomy and midbrain implantation of an electrode to permit visualization and stimulation, respectiv...