OBJECTIVE To describe the effect of vaginal delivery with no clinically recognized sphincter tear on endosonographic anal sphincter morphology and sphincter pressure and to relate endosonographic results to anal sphincter pressure and anal incontinence score. STUDY DESIGN Thirty-two nullipara underwent anal endosonography and anal manometry in the third trimester of pregnancy, 2 weeks and 6 m...

The anal sphincter is made up of the internal and external sphincter, which are arranged concentrically around the anal canal; they overlap except in the most distal part of the anal canal in the region of the superficial part of the external sphincter. Continuous electromyographic (EMG) activity may be recorded in the external anal sphincter at rest (Floyd and Walls, 1953) but the external sph...

BACKGROUND Incontinence of stool and flatus are frequent complications of childbirth. We examined the prevalence and possible causes of these adverse outcomes in a large cohort of women. METHODS We studied 949 pregnant women who gave birth in 5 hospitals in 1995/96 in the province of Quebec. These women, participants in a randomized controlled trial of prenatal perineal massage, completed a s...

OBJECTIVE Obstetric anal sphincter injuries are one of the most significant complications of vaginal delivery that give way to fecal incontinence, which is defined as the involuntary leakage of gas, fluid or solid stool. Although sphincter injuries are seen in 0.5-9% of all deliveries. It has been reported that 20-41% of women who had vaginal deliveries had occult anal sphincter injuries as end...

HYPOTHESIS Endoanal ultrasonographic results have demonstrated that clinically occult anal sphincter damage during vaginal delivery is common. This may or may not be associated with postpartum fecal incontinence (FI). Bayesian meta-analysis of the literature revealed that at least two thirds of obstetric sphincter disruptions are asymptomatic in the postpartum period. Women with postpartum asym...

OBJECTIVES To establish the true prevalence of clinically recognisable and occult obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS). DESIGN Prospective interventional study. SETTING Busy district general hospital. SAMPLE Two hundred and fifty-four women having their first vaginal delivery over a 12-month period were invited. Two hundred and forty-one (95%) participated and 208 (86%) attended foll...

the term ultra short is not clearly defined in ultrashort-segment hirschsprung’s disease. the limited extent of the ultrashort-segment hirschsprung’s disease allows for treatment with extended sphincteromyectomy. in anal sphincter achalasia, anal sphincter dilatation under general anesthesia may be sufficient to treat the condition; in cases with persistent constipation, sphincteromyectomy is i...