as n → ∞. This is a deep extension of Hardy-Ramanujan Theorem (see [13]). In addition, the central limit theorem holds in a more general setting for additive functions. A formal treatment and proofs can be found in e.g. Durrett [7]. In terms of rate of convergence to the Gaussian distribution, i.e. Berry-Esseen bounds, Rényi and Turán [18] obtained the sharp rate of convergenceO(1/ √ log logn)....

Edge detection and edge enhancement techniques play an essential role in interpreting potential field data. This paper describes the application of various edge detection techniques to gravity data in order to delineate the edges of subsurface structures. The edge detection methods comprise analytic signal, total horizontal derivative (THDR), theta angle, tilt angle, hyperbolic of tilt angle (H...

We present an analytic description of the r-mode instability in newly-born neutron stars, using the approximation of uniform density. Our computation is consistently accurate to second order in the angular velocity of the star. We obtain formulae for the growth-time of the instability due to gravitationalwave emission, for both current and mass multipole radiation and for the damping timescale,...

Across information analysis domains, it is often difficult to recognize when analysis is inadequate for a given context. A better understanding of rigor is an analytic broadening check to be leveraged against this uncertainty. The purpose of this research is to refine the understanding of rigor, exploring the concept within the domain of intelligence analysis. Nine professional intelligence ana...

The pore size distribution in paper, measured by uid permeation perpendicular to the plane of the sheet, is known to be approximately lognormal with standard deviation proportional to the mean. Also, this corresponds quite well to the polygonal size distribution arising from a random array of lines in a plane, which may be approximated using the negative exponential distribution for inter-cross...

A meta-analysis of 797 studies and 1,001 effect sizes tested a theoretical hypothesis that situational constraints, such as perceived social pressure and perceived difficulty, weaken the relationship between attitudes and behavior. This hypothesis was confirmed for attitudes toward performing behaviors and for attitudes toward issues and social groups. Meta-analytic estimates of attitude–behavi...

We investigate the influence of finite resolution on measurement uncertainty from the perspective of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM). Finite resolution in a measurement that is perturbed by Gaussian noise yields a distribution of results that strongly depends on the location of the true value relative to the resolution increment. We show that there is no simple e...

Numerical deviation based optimization method for estimation of total column CO2 measured with ground based Fourier Transformation Spectormeter: FTS data is proposed. Through experiments with aircraft based sample return data and the ground based FTS data, it is found that the proposed method is superior to the conventional method of Levenberg Marquads based nonlinear least square method with a...

The statistics of the average height fluctuation of the one-dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang(KPZ)-type surface is investigated. Guided by the idea of local stationarity, we derive the scaling form of the characteristic function in the early-time regime, t ≪ N with t time and N the system size, from the known characteristic function in the stationary state (t ≫ N) of the single-step model derivab...

Empirical analyses of complex games necessarily focus on a restricted set of strategies, and thus the value of empirical game models depends on effective methods for selectively exploring a space of strategies. We formulate an iterative framework for strategy exploration, and experimentally evaluate an array of generic exploration policies on three games: one infinite game with known analytic s...