Models of the geographic distributions of species have wide application in 12 ecology. But the non-spatial, single-level regression models that ecologists typically employ 13 do not deal with problems of irregular sampling intensity or spatial dependence, and do not 14 adequately quantify uncertainty. We show here how to build statistical models that can 15 handle these features of spatial pred...

We explore retrieval effectiveness of vectorial, link analyses, probabilistic and classification retrieval system parameters and compare the different performance in a controlled environment (using WT10g collection from TREC). Main retrieval parameters are captured from related to: (1) retrieval methods (e.g., vectorial, link analyses, probabilistic and classification); (2) main internal system...

The modeling of trading wars is now an actual and modern problem although the first works on optimization of the custom duties date back to the end of the 19th century. The problem of reducing the number of possible solutions to the conflict and precise identifying of the optimal strategies is important. Applying a mathematical model makes the problem more formal, allows removing political tens...

This paper describes Splice, a system for writing aspects that perform static program analyses to direct program modifications. The power of an inter-procedural data-flow analysis enables an aspect to examine the flow of data around a program execution point when it determines what code to add or change at that point. For example, an aspect can change the target set of an iteration based on how...

Cognitive science researchers are interested in a subject that is not directly accessible to observation: processes in the mind and brain, thoughts and thought processes. One way of addressing higher-level cognitive processes is to analyze verbal protocols produced along with cognitively complex tasks (Ericsson & Simon, 1993), such as problem solving or decision making. Linguistic data of this ...