We used computerized simulations with 3-dimensional models of 20 cadaver femora, calculated from computed tomographic scans, and a model of a rod measuring 200 x 5 mm to study femoral alignment accuracy for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty via minimally invasive reconstruction. The anatomical axis and insertion site were identified on each femur. A simulation of all feasible flexion-extension...

We show functional-anatomical organization of motion direction in mouse dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) using two-photon calcium imaging of dense populations in thalamus. Surprisingly, the superficial 75 μm region contains anterior and posterior direction-selective neurons (DSLGNs) intermingled with nondirection-selective neurons, while upward- and downward-selective neurons are nearly...

The predominance of upper-limb elbow models have been based on earlier lower-limb motion analysis models. We developed and validated a functionally based 2 degree-of-freedom upper-limb model to measure rotations of the forearm using a marker-based approach. Data were collected from humans and a mechanical arm with known axes and ranges of angular motion in 3 planes. This upper-limb model was co...

PURPOSE This study aimed to calculate the flexion-extension axis (FEA) of the knee through in-vivo knee kinematics data, and then compare it with two major anatomical axes of the femoral condyles: the transepicondylar axis (TEA) defined by connecting the medial sulcus and lateral prominence, and the cylinder axis (CA) defined by connecting the centers of posterior condyles. METHODS The knee k...

background echocardiography is widely used to diagnose or exclude cardiac disease. the reports on reference values based on an asian population are limited. objectives we conducted a study to determine normal values for two-dimensional, m-mode, and doppler echocardiographic measurements and evaluate the relationship between these parameters and age and gender in a large, healthy iranian populat...

Background Rearfoot pronation is one of the factors having been linked to overuse injuries in running (1). Many studies have used shoe eversion as a measure for movement about the subtalar joint axis. Others used foot movement expressed as rotations about the anatomical main axes (2). If joint coupling and with that muscle loading is to be investigated it may be beneficial to assess rotations a...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the registration accuracy of a newly developed patient shuttle system that can integrate different scanners by patient transfer without repositioning for 'hardware'-based image fusion. We aimed to assess the registration accuracy of image fusion in two different settings: a trimodality PET/CT+MR system and a SPECT+CT system. MATERIALS AND MET...