Background. We explore the nature and aspects of the information needs of informal carers. A comprehensive understanding of these needs is important because it is the first step to meeting these needs effectively. Aim. We report on an empirical validation of a framework for understanding the information needs of carers, composed of four need states: recogniseddemanded, recognised-undemanded, un...

In this paper, we propose the use of spans in addition to edges in noun compound analysis. A span is a sequence of words that can represent a noun compound. Compared with edges, spans have good properties in terms of semi-supervised parsing. They can be reliably extracted from a huge amount of unannotated text. In addition, while the combinations of edges such as sibling and grandparent interac...

This paper is devoted to the concepts of fuzzy upper and fuzzy lower contra-continuous, contra-irresolute and contra semi-continuous multifunctions. Several characterizations and properties of these multifunctions along with their mutual relationships are established in L-fuzzy topological spaces. Later, composition and union between these multifunctions have been studied. AMS (MOS) Subject Cla...

A nonconvex generalized semi-infinite programming problem is considered involving parametric max-functions in both, the objective and the constraints. For a fixed vector of parameters, the values of these parametric max-functions are given as optimal values of convex quadratic programming problems. Assuming that for each parameter the parametric quadratic problems satisfy the strong duality rel...

Using methods of R.J.Tauer [13] we exhibit an uncountable family of singular masas in the hyperfinite II1 factor R all with Pukánszky invariant {1}, no pair of which are conjugate by an automorphism of R. This is done by introducing an invariant Γ(A) for a masa A in a II1 factor N as the maximal size of a projection e ∈ A for which Ae contains non-trivial centralising sequences for eNe. The mas...

For an upper semi-continuous set-valued mapping from one topological space to another and for a lower semi-continuous function defined on the product of these spaces, Berge’s theorem states lower semi-continuity of the minimum of this function taken over the image sets. It assumes that the image sets are compact. For Hausdorff topological spaces, this paper extends Berge’s theorem to set-valued...

We present two techniques to improve landmark localization in images from partially annotated datasets. Our primary goal is to leverage the common situation where precise landmark locations are only provided for a small data subset, but where class labels for classification or regression tasks related to the landmarks are more abundantly available. First, we propose the framework of sequential ...

where the supremum is taken over all open balls B in R which contain x. The supremum may be +∞, so that f ∗ is actually a (nonnegative) extended real-valued function. This is sometimes referred to as the uncentered maximal function, and there are variants defined in terms of balls centered at x, or using cubes instead of balls. A nice feature of f (x) is that it is upper semicontinuous, which i...

The participating approach predicts whether a tweet, which is accompanied by multimedia content (image/video), is trustworthy (real) or deceptive (fake). We combine two different methods a) one using a semi-supervised learning scheme that leverages the decisions of two independent classifiers to produce a decision and b) one using textual patterns to extract claims about whether a post is fake ...

abstract earthworms are an important component of soil fauna, and play a crucial role in the improvement of soil properties. however, very little is known of the interactive influence of earthworms and organic materials on soil enzyme activities, particularly in arid and semi-arid soils. the low organic matter content and the significant role of earthworms in stimulating microbiological and bio...