despite of the fact that the vulva contains a high density of apocrine and anogenital mammary glands in addition to eccrine glands and folliculosebaceous units, the benign vulvar adnexal tumours are rare. though the varied clinical presentation and diverse histopathological spectrum of vulvar neoplasms has amazed the pathologists, only few studies have been reported in literature. the present f...

Background: Breast cancer kills about 400 000 people annually worldwide. Whilst the conventional therapy of surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and hormone therapy has increased survival rates dramatically, the relapse rate is intolerably high. New therapies, particularly immunotherapies, required to combat this residual disease would ideally be tested on an animal model. Current animal models of ...

510 cases of surgical lymph node biopsies during a five year periode are reviewed with the following conclusionsthe lymph node biopsy constitues 5% of all the surgical biopsies, the cervical and axillary lymph nodes are the most commonly biopsicd nodes due to their easy accessibility and due to the fact that they drain the lymph from many vital organs: the next most commonly biopsied nodes are ...

When Ehrlich ascites cells were fused with diploid fibroblasts, isolated directly from the animal, the resulting hybrid cells regularly produced progressive tumours. However, an analysis of a range of clonal populations of these hybrid cells, each derived from a separate primary fusion, revealed that the chromosomal constitution of these cells was highly unstable; all cell populations were foun...

Among a variety of hyperthermia methods, magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia is a highly promising approach for its confined heating within the tumour. In this study we perform in vivo animal experiments on implanted prostatic tumours in mice to measure temperature distribution in the tumour during magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia. Temperature elevations are induced by a commercially available...

Introduction Bone is the most common site for metastasis in human prostate cancer patients. Skeletal metastases are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and overall greatly affect the quality of life of prostate cancer patients. Despite advances in our understanding of the biology of primary prostate tumours, our knowledge of how and why secondary tumours derived from prostate cancer ...

Human germ cell tumours comprise a heterogeneous group of neoplasms. In the testis, three entities are distinguished, the teratomas-yolk sac tumours of the infantile testis, the seminomas and nonseminomas of adolescents and adults, and the spermatocytic seminomas. Studies on epidemiology, histology, clinical behaviour, and chromosomal constitution of these tumours support the concept of distinc...

A tumour therapy is proposed based on attenuated Salmonella typhimurium VNP20047 expressing the Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase gene. VNP20047 was administered intravenously to B16(F10) melanoma-bearing C57BL/6 mice. VNP20047 proliferated within tumours and livers regardless of the initial inoculum dose. After 10 days the number of bacteria increased in livers up to 4.2 x 10(6) cfu/g and de...

This perspective describes some commonly used animal models for the evaluation of potential chemopreventive agents in colon carcinogenesis. Special emphasis is given to the azoxymethane (AOM)/1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) rat model and APCMIN mice, carrying a mutation in APC, a key gene in human carcinogenesis. In the AOM/DMH model, colon cancers are induced chemically by high dosages of carcinog...