A 39-year old man had periodic paralysis due to hypokalaemia. Investigations led to the diagnosis of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) and Southeast Asian ovalocytosis (SAO). Both can originate in mutations of the anion-exchanger 1 gene (AE1), which codes for band 3, the bicarbonate/chloride exchanger in both the red cell membrane and the basolateral membrane of the collecting tubule alpha-i...

Ankyrins are multifunctional adaptors that link specific proteins to the membrane-associated, spectrin- actin cytoskeleton. The N-terminal, 'membrane-binding' domain of ankyrins contains 24 ANK repeats and mediates most binding activities. Repeats 13-24 are especially active, with known sites of interaction for the Na/K ATPase, Cl/HCO(3) anion exchanger, voltage-gated sodium channel, clathrin h...

Anion exchanger 2 (AE2) is a member of the anion exchanger gene family, which includes three additional members, AE1, AE3, and AE4. They are also known as Na+-independent Cl/HCO3 exchangers, and their major function is to regulate intracellular pH and chloride concentration. All four isoforms have several N-terminally truncated variants that are often expressed cell type specifically. Red blood...

The protein family of anion channel (ClC) constitute a family of transmembrane trnsporters that either function as anion channel or as H+/anion exchanger. The expression of three genes of AtClCa, AtClCb and AtClCd in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana were silenced by a T-DNA insertion . When the pH of the medium was slightly acidic the length of the primary root of plants with a disrupted At...

Anion exchanger 1 (AE1) is encoded by SLC4A1 and mediates electroneutral anion exchange across cell membranes. It is the most abundant protein in the red cell membrane, but it is also found in the basolateral membrane of renal alpha-intercalated cells, where it is required for normal urinary acidification. Recently, four point mutations in red cell AE1 have been described that convert the anion...

When Amphiuma red cells are shrunken in hypertonic media, they return toward their original volume by gaining Na through an amiloride-sensitive pathway. As cells recover their volume during this volume-regulatory increase (VRI) response, acid is extruded into the medium. Medium acidification is correlated with cell Na uptake. Both medium acidification and cell Na uptake are blocked by 10(-3) M ...

A PVC-based membrane containing cerium phosphate was developed. Unlike the cerium phosphate itself that acts as a cation exchanger, the membrane exhibited anion-exchange properties. Therefore, the utility of this compound as a sensory element for detection of molybdate ions was pursued. The response of molybdate selective electrode based on this membrane was perfectly linear in the concentr...

A hybrid adsorbent (FOAE) prepared by loading ferric oxyhydroxide on anion exchanger was applied for adsorptive removal of Cr(VI) from water. Effects of initial Cr(VI) concentration, pH, temperature and competition of other anions on Cr(VI) adsorption were investigated in batch experiments. The equilibrium adsorption capacity (Qe) of the FOAE increased with initial Cr(VI) concentrations (from 2...

BACKGROUND Cryohydrocytosis is an inherited dominant hemolytic anemia characterized by mutations in a transmembrane segment of the anion exchanger (band 3 protein). Transfection experiments performed in Xenopus oocytes suggested that these mutations may convert the anion exchanger into a non-selective cation channel. The present study was performed to characterize so far unexplored ion transpor...