This research focuses on presenting an empirical method to gather necessary data and then developing several models to predict the chance of diabetic retinopathy (proliferative and non-proliferative) by observing HbA1c, duration of disease and albumin excretion rate of diabetic patients. We gathered required knowledge from other studies that have investigated the relation of different risk fact...

This supplement consists of several parts that refer directly to specific topics in the paper: A Proof of Equation (2) B Proof of Lemma 3.1 (Symmetric biproportional fit) C Technical details on why ”local affinity” is sufficient in Section 4.1 D Proof of Theorem 4.2 (Convergence of PSIPF) E Proof of Lemma 4.4 (L1-monotony) F Proof of Lemma 4.5 (Volume bounds) G Proof of Lemma 4.6 (Limit points)...

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We discuss methods for fitting implicitly defined (e.g. piecewise algebraic) curves to scattered data, which may contain problematic regions, such as edges, cusps or vertices. As the main idea, we construct a bivariate function, whose zero contour approximates a given set of points, and whose gradient field simultaneously approximates an estimated normal field. The coefficients of the implicit ...