The formation process of antenna mode scattering is analyzed, and a new prediction method to calculate the antenna mode scattering is proposed. Since the antenna mode scattering is essentially the reradiation of reflected energy, this reflected energy comes from the incident wave received by the antenna and reflects on the mismatched point of the feed network. Thus the calculation of the antenn...

This article presents a phased array antenna employing MEMS phase shifter. The proposed phased array antenna consists of eight square patch antennas operating at 10.4 GHz with a bandwidth of 400 MHz. Feed line for each patch passes through a MEMS phase shifter realized by a series of bridges above the transmission line. The distance between the bridge and the transmission line underneath it is ...

Some useful features of microstrip patch antennas are low profile, low weight and easy fabrication. However this type of antenna suffers from having a low gain, caused by propagation surface waves. In this paper, a new near zero refractive index metamaterial (MTM) unit cell is designed and fabricated as a superstrate over a Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antennas (RMPA). In order to obtain a maxi...

Whenever a balanced antenna (i.e., dipole, loop or spiral) is used, the issue of how to feed the antenna becomes relevant. Because a balanced antenna requires a balanced feed, a balun is needed. A balanced antenna fed by a two-wire transmission line is a balanced system with respect to the lines, provided that the two feed points on the balanced antenna have the same orientation and placement w...

In this paper, a broadband rectangular microstrip patch antenna fed by coplanar waveguide feed with two slots in the ground plane is proposed. Investigations are carried out using coplanar waveguide feed with slotting in the ground plane to optimize the broadband operation. A sensitivity analysis shows the variation of return loss with different antenna parameters. This design of broadband ante...

We define here a new symmetry operator called reciprocation. Apertures that remain unchanged afler reciprocation are called self-reciprocal, and have a number of unique properties. When excited suddenly by a voltage, a self-reciprocal aperture becomes an antenna. This antenna is an approximation to a TEM horn, to a lens IRA (TEM feed + lens), or to a reflector IRA (TEM feed + reflector). Becaus...

A microstrip patch antenna for WLAN application is proposed. The antenna has a frequency bandwidth of 196 MHz (5103MHz 5300 MHz). The microstrip antenna has a planar geometry and consists of a ground, a substrate, a patch and a feed. The basic theory and design are analyzed, and simulation using CST Microwave Studio commercial software is employed to optimize the antenna's properties. Results s...

This paper introduces a novel feeding technique aimed for increasing the bandwidth of a patch antenna. It is shown that by using two 180 degrees out of phase excited cylindrical probes, the bandwidth of a patch antenna can be dramatically increased. Based on the proposed differential cylindrical probes (DCP) feed, we designed a square patch antenna with 104% impedance bandwidth for VSWR<2:1. Th...

The Body Area Network (BAN) is an area which helps constant monitoring of Human health with real-time updates of medical records through Internet. In this paper, we propose an on-body performance of wearable Microstrip patch antenna which operates in Industrial scientific Medical (ISM) frequency band at 2.45 GHz. This antenna is designed to achieve better return loss gain and bandwidth. The ant...

The fractal antennas that have the multiband operation due to the self-similar property in fractal geometry, which plays a key role to create a fractal circular monopole patch antenna. The other important property that is, Space-filling property which actually determines the reduction in the size of the antenna. This property adds more electrical length in less volume which reduces the size of ...