Lanzones scale insect (LSI) has been an important pest of lanzones since its first record in 2004. It causes massive defoliation on trees which eventually results to underdeveloped and sour fruits. Different lanzones-growing areas the Philippines were surveyed for LSI along with associated parasitoids commercial farms located Laguna (Los Baños,Nagcarlan Sta. Maria), Oriental Mindoro (Villa Cerv...

The functional response is one of the most widely measured attributes of consumers. Phenomenalistic descriptions of how predator attack rates vary with prey density are fundamental components of consumer-resource models. The application of these functions typically assumes continuous foraging by individuals, along with stationarity in their behavioural and physiological processes. Yet most spec...