BACKGROUND Guidelines recommend continuation or initiation of guideline-directed medical therapy, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers (ACEi/ARB), in hospitalized patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. METHODS AND RESULTS Using the Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure Registry, we linked clinical data from 16 052 heart failu...

The present paper is the second part of a previously published overview entitled “ten years of severe plastic deformation (SPD) in Iran”. Part I concentrates on the equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). In this part, the focus is on the accumulative roll bonding (ARB) because, currently, Iran is ranked the first in the world by the total number of publications in this field. In the present sec...

Accumulative roll bonding (ARB) was used to fabricate the Cu-Zn multilayer and Cu-Zn solid solution. A lamellar structure with the hardness of about 130 VHN was formed after eight ARB cycles. Following to the suitable heat treatment, a solid solution with a uniform microstructure and hardness of about 57 VHN was produced. The dominant wear mechanism in the ARB processed multilayer was found to ...

This paper was prepared as the result of work sponsored by the California Air Resources Board (ARB) and the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA). It does not necessarily represent the views of the California Energy Commission, ARB, Cal/EPA, their employees, or the State of California. The Energy Commission, ARB, Cal/EPA, the State of California, their employees, contractors, and...

BACKGROUND Step therapy for angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) requiring prior use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) is a common cost-containment intervention in managed care. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of the step-therapy intervention for ARBs, including ARB/hydrochlorthiazide (HCTZ) combinations, as measured by prescription use patterns...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Whether angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) are differentially associated with reductions in cardiovascular events and mortality in patients receiving maintenance dialysis is uncertain. We compared outcomes between ACE and ARB users among hypertensive, maintenance dialysis patients. METHODS National retrospective cohort study ...

BACKGROUND Although angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) have been found to reduce the coronary atherosclerotic plaque burden in animal models, it is unknown whether ARB have a similar effect on human coronary arteries. METHODS AND RESULTS Serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) studies of the left main (LM) coronary artery were performed in 64 patients at baseline and after 7-month follow-u...

This paper was prepared as the result of work sponsored by the California Air Resources Board (ARB) and the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA). It does not necessarily represent the views of the California Energy Commission, ARB, Cal/EPA, their employees, or the State of California. The Energy Commission, ARB, Cal/EPA, the State of California, their employees, contractors, and...