The international commercial arbitration award refers to the made by tribunal in cases. determination of nationality an arbitral plays important role arbitration, and also a decisive implementation awards. is usually based on region case. court state with can exercise right revoke supervise results foreign country without only choose recognize or refuse implement revocation supervision. Once re...

Abstract The present article seeks to critically rethink the key issue of how compensation and damages are should be calculated in context investor-State arbitration – ‘quantum’ question, as is commonly referred arbitral practice. We will make three main claims: first that such calculations premised on a fundamental consensus presents work arbitrators this area essentially uncontroversial fact-...

Arbitration has been recognized as one of the most popular ADRs in commercial disputes. Theoretically, arbitration is based on a valid arbitration agreement and only parties to are forced obey the award. However, legal practice, it not uncommon for arbitral awards to be enforced against non-signatories. This paper introduces some major legal basis this situation, including traditional prin...