the importance of drawing by hand in architectural design process is undoubtedly clear. nevertheless, different computer software for drawing and designing in the field of architecture are growing rapidly and the confrontation of these two different types of drawing has become an important subject of discussion, which needs to be addressed analytically. this article attempts to analyze the use ...

architectural programming, as a realm in the design process, is considered to be one of the most valuable assets of the design research. through the use of architectural programming, a designer becomes familiar with different issues of the project and establishes his/her goals to produce an appropriate design solution. an ideal design solution requires a thorough understanding about the needs o...

the aim of this paper is to review the created problems and failure of environmental design patterns in designing process by designers. not respectfully addressing the context of environment during designing process have resulted in the loss quality of environment, damage to both nature and essence of environment as manifested in the case study area. methodology of the research was based on the...