Attaining highly secure and safe operation of the grid with acceptable voltage levels has become a difficult issue for electricity companies that must adopt remedial actions. The usage PV solar farm inverter as static synchronous compensator (or PVSTATCOM device) throughout night recently been proposed way to enhance system performance. In this article, novel artificial rabbits’ optimization al...

fabA mutants of Escherichia coli require an appropriate unsaturated fatty acid for growth. The fabA locus has now been mapped at minute 21.5 of the linkage map of E. coli. The locus is cotransduced with pyrD and aroA but not with pyrC, purB, or pdxC. The clockwise order of markers in the region is pdxC, aroA, cmlB, pyrD, fabA, pyrC.

Mutants of Listeria monocytogenes with deletions in genes of the common branch of the biosynthesis pathway leading to aromatic compounds were constructed as possible virulence-attenuated carrier strains for protein antigens or vaccine DNA. aroA, aroB, and in particular aroE mutants showed strongly reduced growth rates in epithelial cells and even in rich culture media. The metabolism of the aro...

Microbes play an important role in arsenic transformation and cycling in the environment. Microbial arsenic oxidation and reduction were demonstrated in the growth media of arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. All arsenite (AsIII) at 0.1 mM in the media was oxidized after 48 h incubation. Oxidation was largely inhibited by antibiotics, indicating that bacteria played a dominant role. To i...

The AROM locus of A. nidulans, which governs five consecutive steps in pre-chorismate aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, has been cloned in a bacteriophage vector. The nucleotide sequence of the locus reveals a single, open reading-frame of 4,812 base-pairs, apparently without introns. An internal segment of the A. nidulans AROM sequence has extensive homology with the E. coli aroA gene that enc...

We compared the ability of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SL1344 aroA aroD (BRD509) and aroA htrA (BRD807) mutants to act as live vectors for delivery of fragment C of tetanus toxin (FrgC). FrgC was expressed in these strains from either pTETnir15 or pTEThtrA1. BRD509FrgC(+) strains elicited approximately 2-log-higher serum anti-FrgC antibody titers than BRD807FrgC(+) strains. All mice...

Replication order to map position discrepancies have been documented in B. subtilis. The discrepancies were found to occur whenever the genome of B. subtilis was replicated under a variety of physiological conditions and in both 168 and W23 strains. The earliest replicating marker involved in these discrepancies was thr versus purB and aroA versus recA. A detailed linkage analysis of the ura to...

To understand the problem of host specificity of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Abortusequi (S. Abortusequi), five isogenic strains including aroA, htrA and aroA-htrA deletion mutants, virulence plasmid cured and wild type parent strains were tested for invasion, survival and multiplication (up to 30 h) in cattle, goat, buffalo, horse and guinea pig macrophages and murine macro...