BACKGROUND We recently reported that palmitic acid (PA) is a novel and efficient CD4 fusion inhibitor to HIV-1 entry and infection. In the present report, based on in silico modeling of the novel CD4 pocket that binds PA, we describe discovery of highly potent PA analogs with increased CD4 receptor binding affinities (K(d)) and gp120-to-CD4 inhibition constants (K(i)). The PA analogs were selec...

A three-component inclusion complex of ascorbyl palmitate (ASCP), urea (UR), and γ-cyclodextrin (γCD) with a molar ratio 1/12 has been prepared for the first time using evaporation method (EVP method) grinding mixing (GM method). Also, we investigated changes in physicochemical properties complexes. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) measurements showed ASCP, UR, γCD characteristic peaks physi...

Recycling of ascorbic acid from its oxidized forms is required to maintain intracellular stores of the vitamin in most cells. Since the ubiquitous selenoenzyme thioredoxin reductase can recycle dehydroascorbic acid to ascorbate, we investigated the possibility that the enzyme can also reduce the one-electron-oxidized ascorbyl free radical to ascorbate. Purified rat liver thioredoxin reductase c...