background and objectives: the frequency of multi-drug resistant acinetobacter spp . infections is increasing in iran. considering availability of limited therapeutic options, clinical response and outcome of ventilator-associated pneumonia due to multi-drug resistant a.baumannii were evaluated in critically ill patients. materials and methods: in this prospective study, 29 patients with carbap...

Clinical diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1034 Bacteriological and histological aspects of ventilator-associated pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . 1035 Aetiology of ventilator-associated pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1036 Diagnostic techniques for ventilator-associated pneumonia . . . . . . . . . . ....

Patients with nosocomial pneumonia have evidence of immunosuppression. The most obvious defect in immunity is the loss of mechanical barriers with an endotracheal tube. Only a third of colonized patients on ventilators develop pneumonia, however, suggesting that altered immunity is more extensive. This subgroup of patients tends to get multiple synchronous and sequential infections. The exact m...

Ventilator associated pneumonia currently in vogue seems to have some pitfalls as far as the nomenclature is concerned and thus it imparts an erroneous impression to the reader. As the driving force is in fact the ventilator, the phraseology should preferably be changed to ventilator induced pneumonia to convey the in depth meaning of the term thus evading the terminology currently in practice....