AIMS To study the mechanism and the means of preventing soccer eye injuries. METHODS Kicked soccer ball velocities were measured for a range of ages and experience. Soccer balls (sizes 3, 4, and 5), inflated to 3, 6, and 9 psi, were impacted onto an artificial orbit and the results analysed at 1000 frames per second. Protective eyewear was fitted to a headform then impacted and evaluated. R...

A new ASTM method was developed for the analysis of trace methanol in crude oil samples. This method relies on the use of two-dimensional heart-cutting gas chromatography to separate methanol from the complex matrix. A new microfluidic Deans switch was developed for the Agilent 6890N GC system that improves the performance of heart-cutting two-dimensional gas chromatography. This system was use...

Clean-up of contaminated sites is usually based on a risk-based approach for the definition of the remediation goals, which relies on the well known ASTM-RBCA standard procedure. In this procedure, migration of contaminants is described through simple analytical models and the source contaminants' concentration is supposed to be constant throughout the entire exposure period, i.e. 25-30 years. ...

Natural fibers are widely used as reinforcing material in composites. Pine needles can be used as natural fibers which are abundantly found in the hilly areas of India. A study on tensile test of pine needles and the crack analysis of pine needles short fiber reinforced composites has been presented in this paper.ASTM D638-10 standard is followed for tensile testing and a number of specimen is ...

BACKGROUND Some manufacturers recommend using 1.1 mL per application of alcohol-based handrubs for effective hand disinfection. However, whether this volume is sufficient to cover both hands, as recommended by the World Health Organization, and fulfills current efficacy standards is unknown. This study aimed to determine hand coverage for three handrubs (two gels based on 70% v/v and 85% w/w et...

Fracture toughness determination is crucial for the design phase of pressure vessels, and, although ASTM E1820 and ISO 12135 fracture standards have existed some time, differences been reported in this property. This study investigates ductile behavior A516 Gr.70 vessel steel assesses estimating both standards. The steel’s tensile properties initiation (JIC) were evaluated, taking into account ...

This paper presents the study of tensile, flexural & moisture absorption properties of composites made from areca fibers, maize powder filler particles & epoxy resin. The specimens are prepared using hand lay-up techniques as per ASTM standard for different weight fractions of fiber, filler & matrix material. The specimens were tested as per ASTM standards. Experimental results showed that tens...

Results All methods use gram-negative bacteria as marker organisms and the measured endpoint is reduction on hands after test article application. ASTM E2755 includes Staph. aureus, more representative of a hand transmitted pathogen in healthcare environments. Both EN1500 and E1174 have unrealistic hand contamination procedures which necessitate evaluation of unrealistic volumes of product at e...