An overview of the achievements of the German priority program “Functionally Graded Materials (FGM)” in the field of processing techniques is given. Established powder processes and techniques involving metal melts are described, and recent developments in the field of graded polymer processing are considered. The importance of modeling of gradient formation, sintering and drying for the produc...

A fundamental solution (or Green’s function) is a singular solution of a governing partial differential equation (PDE). They can be constructed easily when the PDE has constant coefficients. They are useful for reducing boundary-value problems to boundary integral equations (BIEs). We begin by describing simple properties of fundamental solutions, and then comment on the use and construction of...