results genotype b (73.6%) and genotype c (26.4%) were detected in these patients. after treatment for 12 months, the rate of hbv dna seroclearance, alt normalization, and hbeag seroconversion were significantly higher in adv group than in placebo group (p < 0.05). however, there were no significant differences in these three rates between patients infected with genotype b and c (p > 0.05). obj...

conclusions the mutation ratio difference between genotypes b and c in children was higher than that of adults and several combined mutations were exclusively detected in children with chronic hbv genotype c infection associated with higher viral load. objectives the aim of this study was to assess the mutation profiles of bcp and precore regions in different hbv genotypes in chronically infect...

We present preliminary results of the observational campaign on SN 2002er carried out by the European Supernova Collaboration (ESC). For this supernova the optical coverage from epochs −11 days to +50 days is excellent, both in imaging and spectroscopy. The extinction deduced from the photometry is E(B − V) = 0.35, while ∆m15 = 1.31. In general SN 2002er behaves like a " normal " type Ia supern...

Using 3D hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation with supernova feedback and a multiphase medium, we derive theoretical relations analogous to the observed Tully-Fisher (TF) relations in various photometric bands. This paper examines the influence of self-regulation mechanisms including supernova feedback on galaxy luminosities and the TF relation in three cosmological scenarios (CDM, ΛC...

OBJECTIVE Current data on the prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in HIV-positive individuals conflict. As occult HBV infection could have an impact on the outcome of liver disease in HIV-positive patients, we investigated a large number of HIV-positive/HBV-surface-antigen (HBsAg) negative subjects with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by using the 'gold standard' approach f...

background: the effect of il 28 b polymorphism on sustained virology response (svr) in patients with hepatitis c genotype 1 varies among races.â  multiple studies have shown that the svr is two or three times higher in patients with cc genotype compared to those with tt genotype. this study aims to assess the relationship between il 28 b polymorphism and svr in iranian patients. materials and m...

The inverse-Compton X-ray emission model for supernovae has been well established to explain the X-ray properties of many supernovae for over 30 years. However, no observational case has yet been found to connect the X-rays with the optical lights as they should be. Here, we report the discovery of a hard X-ray source that is associated with a Type II-b supernova. Simultaneous emission enhancem...

background association of hepatitis b virus (hbv) genotype c with hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) development remains controversial. hbv basal core promoter (bcp) double mutations (t1762a1764) are very strong confounding factors of genotypes b and c in hcc development. objectives to investigate the association of hbv genotype c with hcc development after controlling for bcp double mutations. mat...

This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between the aminolevulinate dehydrogenase (ALAD) genotype and blood lead levels among 101 Japanese workers. Blood lead concentration measurement, biomarkers, and genotyping were performed. The minor allele frequency (MAF) for ALAD (ALAD2) was 0.08. Although the blood lead level in the subjects with heterozygous GC genotype was significant...