A bridge approach, an essential component connecting a relatively rigid and more flexible track on subgrade soil, is one of the most common types transition zones. The tracks deck often undergo significantly lower deformations under loading compared to approach tracks. Even though there have been numerous efforts understand remediate performance deficiencies emerging from differences in stiffne...

ballast as a part of the railway system plays an important role in the operation of the railways and also has a great impact on repair and maintenance activities. hence most of the repair and maintenance activities in traditional railway systems are due to the defections in the ballast layer and therefore most of the maintenance budget is spent on repairing these defects. these repair and maint...

Ballast as a part of the railway system plays an important role in the operation of the railways and also has a great impact on repair and maintenance activities. Hence most of the repair and maintenance activities in traditional railway systems are due to the defections in the ballast layer and therefore most of the maintenance budget is spent on repairing these defects. These repair and maint...

The ballast used in ballasted railway tracks transmits load from the rails and ties to subgrade during train travel, directly affects overall track support performance elastic behavior of track. Due material limitations ballast, it is difficult quantitatively manage its performance, status, shape maintenance, use requires continuous maintenance management work. In this study on a proposed mater...

As high speed rail is becoming increasingly popular around the globe, alignments are being forced onto marginal land due to land costs and the requirement for straight tracks. Rail foundations spread the applied wheel loads to prevent damage to the underlying in-situ soil upon which tracks are built. Designs which cannot sustain the resulting stresses will cause serviceability issues and will r...