Electronic transport in ferromagnetic ballistic conductors is predicted to exhibit ballistic anisotropic magnetoresistance-a change in the ballistic conductance with the direction of magnetization. This phenomenon originates from the effect of the spin-orbit interaction on the electronic band structure which leads to a change in the number of bands crossing the Fermi energy when the magnetizati...

Elastic-recoil mechanisms can improve organismal performance and circumvent the thermal limitations of muscle contraction, yet they require the appropriate motor control to operate. We compare muscle activity during tongue projection in salamanders with elastically powered, ballistic projection with activity of those with muscle-powered, non-ballistic projection across a range of temperatures t...

Severe impacts to the head commonly lead to localized brain damage. Such impacts may also give rise to temporary pressure changes that produce secondary injuries in brain volumes distal to the impact site. Monitoring pressure changes in a clinical setting is difficult; detailed studies into the effect of pressure changes in the brain call for the development and use of animal models. The aim of...

The use of high-speed puncture mechanics for prey capture has been documented across a wide range of organisms, including vertebrates, arthropods, molluscs and cnidarians. These examples span four phyla and seven orders of magnitude difference in size. The commonality of these puncture systems offers an opportunity to explore how organisms at different scales and with different materials, morph...

Kevlar is a type of aramid fibers which is characterized by high strength to low weight ratio. This material is widely used in bulletproof vests and helmets, in which it creates a barrier to projectiles to protect specific objectives, laminated tubes and pressure vessels, etc. In this study the ballistic behavior of Kevlar /epoxy composite and Kevlar fabric is investigated. The results showed t...

The scaling of device technologies poses new challenges, not only in circuit design, but also in device modeling, especially because of the short-channel effects and the emergence of novel phenomena like ballistic transport. Nonetheless, it enables the design of ultra low-power analog and Radio Frequency (RF) circuits by allowing to push the operating points into moderate and eventually weak in...

Diffusive-ballistic heat conduction of finite-length single-walled carbon nanotubes has been studied by means of non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The length-dependence of thermal conductivity is quantified for a range of nanotube-lengths up to a micrometer at room temperature. A gradual transition from nearly pure ballistic to diffusive-ballistic heat conduction was identified fr...

A battle management system for comprehensive ballistic missile defense must perform with near perfection and extraordinarily reliability. It will be complex to an unprecedented degree, untestable in a realistic environment, and provide minimal time for human intervention. The feasibility of designing and developing such a system (requiring upwards of ten million lines of code) is examined in li...