Absfrncf We propose a scheme for expanding switch modules to form a larger switch using the so-called focnl switching obtained by allowing bidirectional connection to the conventional three-stage Clos network switch. The performance of the proposed expansion architecture was compared to that of the conventional three-stage Clos network. We simulated 32x32 switching systems using two expansion a...

Conventionally, bidirectional optogenetic switches are controlled with linear excitation (e.g., monochromatic CW light), which has serious limitations when there is a spectral overlap between the “on” and “off” states of switch. The crosstalk lowers selectivity photoactivation step, resulting in moderate photoequilibrium value poor dynamic range for Using stimulated depletion quenching (SDQ), n...

The bipolar kinesin-5 motors are one of the major players that govern mitotic spindle dynamics. Their bipolar structure enables them to cross-link and slide apart antiparallel microtubules (MTs) emanating from the opposing spindle poles. The budding yeast kinesin-5 Cin8 was shown to switch from fast minus-end- to slow plus-end-directed motility upon binding between antiparallel MTs. This unexpe...

R-loops have been described at immunoglobulin class switch sequences, prokaryotic and mitochondrial replication origins, and disease-associated (CAG)n and (GAA)n trinucleotide repeats. The determinants of trinucleotide R-loop formation are unclear. Trinucleotide repeat expansions cause diseases including DM1 (CTG)n, SCA1 (CAG)n, FRAXA (CGG)n, FRAXE (CCG)n and FRDA (GAA)n. Bidirectional converge...

This work describes a new best-first bidirectional heuristic search algorithm with two phases. The new algorithm is based on a critical review of the basic search reduction operations in previous algorithms like BS* or Switch-A*. The general guideline is to let search fronts meet as close to midground as possible. In a first phase, search is discontinued at nodes as soon as the opposite frontie...

The precise co-conformation regulation of topologically chiral [2]catenanes under two different external stimuli led to the construction a bidirectional circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) switch, as reported by Xiao He, Wei Wang and Hai-Bo Yang et al. in their Research Article (DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210542). results provide not only an attractive approach toward multistate CPL switches for ...

In this paper, a high-conversion-ratio bidirectional dc–dc converter with coupled inductor is proposed. In the boost mode, two capacitors are parallel charged and series discharged by the coupled inductor. Thus, high step-up voltage gain can be achieved with an appropriate duty ratio. The voltage stress on the main switch is reduced by a passive clamp circuit. Therefore, the low resistance RDS(...

A Multistage Bus Network (MBN) is proposed in this paper to overcome some of the shortcomings of the conventional multistage interconnection networks (MINs), single bus and hierarchical bus interconnection networks. The MBN consists of multiple stages of buses connected in a manner similar to the MINs and has the same bandwidth at each stage. A switch in an MBN is similar to that in a MIN switc...

This study proposes a novel bidirectional-switched-capacitor-based interleaved converter. In view of the shortcomings two well-known unidirectional-switched-capacitor-based converters, this improves such converters through combining structure switched capacitor circuit. The first effort was to overcome drawback Cockcroft–Walton-based converter, whose circuit impedance and ripple cause serious o...