Maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is regulated by the tumor microenvironment. Synthetic hydrogels provide the flexibility to design three-dimensional (3D) matrices to isolate and study individual factors in the tumor microenvironment. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of matrix modulus on tumorsphere formation by breast cancer cells and maintenance of CSCs in an ine...

The hearing loss criterion for cochlear implant candidacy in mainland China is extremely stringent (bilateral severe to profound hearing loss), resulting in few patients with substantial residual hearing in the nonimplanted ear. The main objective of the current study was to examine the benefit of bimodal hearing in typical Mandarin-speaking implant users who have poorer residual hearing in the...

Speech-sign or "bimodal" bilingualism is exceptional because distinct modalities allow for simultaneous production of two languages. We investigated the ramifications of this phenomenon for models of language production by eliciting language mixing from eleven hearing native users of American Sign Language (ASL) and English. Instead of switching between languages, bilinguals frequently produced...

Binaural hearing in cochlear implant (CI) users can be achieved either by bilateral implantation or bimodally with a contralateral hearing aid (HA). Binaural-bimodal hearing has the advantage of complementing the high-frequency electric information from the CI by low-frequency acoustic information from the HA. We examined the contribution of a contralateral HA in 25 adult implantees to their pe...

There are many methods for making a multicast protocol "reliable". At one end of the spectrum, a reliable multicast protocol might offer atomicity guarantees, such as all-ornothing delivery, delivery ordering, and perhaps additional properties such as virtually synchronous addressing. At the other are protocols that use local repair to overcome transient packet loss in the network, offering “be...

A goal of research in human-computer interaction is computer systems that can recognize and understand nonverbal communication. In a series of studies, we developed semiautomated methods of discriminating emotion and para-linguistic communication in face and voice. In study 1, three computervision based modules reliably recognized FACS action units, which are the smallest visibly discriminable ...

Background: Polyethylene composites including boron can be used as an effective neutron shield. Our investigation focuses on manufacturing borated polyethylene nano-composite. The purpose of this study is to design a radiation shield for use in both neutron and gamma fields. Materials and Methods: Borated polyethylene shields containing 2%, and 5% weight percentage of Boron nano-particles w...

Introduction: Polyethylene wear particles induce macrophages to release cytokines, which can lead to osteolysis and aseptic loosening of total joint prostheses. The generation of polyethylene wear particles is one of the most important factors that affect the midterm and long-term clinical results associated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Therefore, to achieve better long-term results for ...

This paper investigates to what extent users of bilateral and bimodal fittings should expect to benefit from all three different binaural advantages found to be present in normal-hearing listeners. Head-shadow and binaural squelch are advantages occurring under spatially separated speech and noise, while summation emerges when speech and noise coincide in space. For 14 bilateral or bimodal list...

This study investigated the instructional efficiency of adaptive instruction to learner expertise in the domain of C programming language with college students. It also aimed to investigate whether a bimodal process-oriented worked-out example (WOE) could effectively control extraneous cognitive load and further improve instructional efficiency. For this purpose, a learner-paced problem-solving...