In future high-speed self-routing photonic networks based on all-optical time division multiplexing (OTDM) it is highly desirable to carry out packet switching, clock recovery and demultplexing in the optical domain in order to avoid the bottleneck due to the optoelectronics conversion. In this paper we propose a self-routing OTDM node structure composed of an all-optical router and demultiplex...

in this paper the problem of minimizing the total transmitting power subject to a fixedtotal bit rate in ofdm systems is considered. upper bounds on transmitting power and bit rate ofeach subcarrier can also be taken into account. in practice, the number of bits of each subcarriershould be integer and nonnegative. in this paper an analytical optimal solution is derived for thecase of assuming t...

Application of quantum-dot is a promising technology for implementing digital systems at nano-scale.  Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a system with low power consumption and a potentially high density and regularity. Also, QCA supports the new devices with nanotechnology architecture. This technique works </...

In network steganography methods based on packet length, the length of the packets is used as a carrier for exchanging secret messages. Existing methods in this area are vulnerable against detections due to abnormal network traffic behaviors. The main goal of this paper is to propose a method which has great resistance to network traffic detections. In the first proposed method, the sender embe...

Complex Information for Anesthesiologists Presented Quickly and Clearlyns, nanosecond.Infographic created by Holly B. Ende, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; James P. Rathmell, Brigham Women’s Health Care/Harvard School; Jonathan Wanderer, Center. Illustration Annemarie Johnson, Vivo Visuals Studio. Address correspondence to Dr. Ende: [email protected].