An experimental hut study was conducted on the biting and house resting behavior of Anopheles darlingi in the rainforest of Suriname. Of all anophelines collected on human bait at indoor and peridomestic sites, An. darlingi comprised 100% and 98%, respectively. A single peak in biting activity occurred around 2300 h. With hourly exit trap collections, a peak of exit from the hut was observed at...

Approximately 5% of pigs slaughtered in the UK have been tail-bitten, leading to welfare and production issues. Tail biting is sporadic and not all pigs tail bite. The aim of this study was to identify factors that are common in pigs that perform tail-biting behaviour, and that might be used in a predictive way to identify such animals. The behaviour of 159 pigs was observed in the post-weaning...

OBJECTIVE To determine the biting activity and onchocerciasis transmission in Kashoya-Kitomi focus, Western Uganda. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey in randomly selected sites. SETTING Three districts in Western Uganda. METHOD Crab trapping and examination for immature stages of Simulium neavei and full day human bait catches and dissections were conducted at three sites. RESULTS A total o...

To estimate human exposure to potential vectors of eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE) virus, we compared collections of putative EEE virus vectors from human biting collections with collections from CDC, AB (American Biophysics), and New Jersey light traps and resting boxes in enzootic/epidemic foci of EEE virus in southeastern Massachusetts. Human biting collections caught significantly mo...

Background: Nail biting (NB) is a common, but unresolved, problem in psychiatry, psychology, medicine and dentistry. It is the habit of biting one’s nails, is commonly observed in both children and young adults Materials & Methods: The study was a comparative cross‐ sectional microbiological study, conducted on the saliva samples of 40 chronic nail biting subjects in that 20 were males and 20 w...

Tail-biting trellises of linear and nonlinear block codes are addressed. We refine the information-theoretic approach of a previous work on conventional trellis representation, and show that the same ideas carry over to tail-biting trellises. We present lower bounds on the state and branch complexity profiles of these representations. These bounds are expressed in terms of mutual information be...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Onchocerciasis is endemic in some parts of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. This study describes the entomological parameters of transmission in three rural communities of Akwa Ibom State, prior to ivermectin intervention in 2004. METHODS Blackflies were caught using human bait and 90% of the flies were dissected for parity. All parous flies were further dissected for the pre...

Human posture is characterised by inherent body sway which forces the sensory and motor systems to counter the destabilising oscillations. Although the potential of biting to increase postural stability has recently been reported, the mechanisms by which the craniomandibular system (CMS) and the motor systems for human postural control are functionally coupled are not yet fully understood. The ...

The epidemiology of the transmission of malaria parasites varies ecologically. To observe some entomological aspects of the malaria transmission in an urban environment, a longitudinal survey of anopheline fauna was performed in Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. A total of 7,263 anophelines was collected in human bait at 13 de Setembro and Caranã districts: Anopheles albitarsis sensu lato (82.8%), An...

A one-year study of the biting and resting habits of the malaria vector Anopheles albimanus was carried out in four rural villages of northern Haiti. Man-biting rates and nightly biting cycles were determined by the use of all-night man-biting captures inside and outside houses. Seasonal changes in density and behavior were determined by repeating the captures on a bimonthly basis throughout on...