The worldwide dissemination of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae is a major concern in both hospital and community settings. Rapid identification of these resistant pathogens and the genetic determinants they possess is needed to assist in clinical practice and epidemiological studies. A collection of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Kl...

INTRODUCTION: Infections caused by β-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, are increasing globally with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of the current study was to determine antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (β-lactamase and integron genes) using multiplex PCR. METHODS One-hundred K. pneumoniae is...

A plasmid-encoded class II transposon element was identified in a carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas putida isolate. Tn1332, closely related to Tn1331, harbored the metallo-beta-lactamase gene bla(VIM-2) in addition to four other antibiotic resistance genes, aacA4, aadA1, bla(OXA-9), and bla(TEM-1), and two novel insertion sequences, ISPpu17 and ISPpu18.

BACKGROUND The production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) confer resistance to the commonly used beta-lactam antimicrobials and ESBL-producing bacteria render treatment difficulty in human and veterinary medicine. ESBL-producing bacteria have emerged in livestock in recent years, which may raise concerns regarding possible transfer of such bacteria through the food chain. The swine in...

The aims of this study were to investigate drug resistance rates, types of extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBLs), and molecular epidemiological characteristics of 43 Shigella sonnei isolates. Ampicillin-sulbactam, amoxicillin-clavulanate, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin were the most active antibiotics. Five isolates harbored bla SHV-12, bla(TEM-1) and bla(CTX-M-15). More than 90% of the...

OBJECTIVES To report the identification of the metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) variant VIM-19 in a Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strain co-producing KPC-2 carbapenemase, CMY-2 cephalosporinase and CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. METHODS MICs were determined by agar dilution. Phenotypic tests were performed to detect carbapenemase production. PCR and nucleotide sequencing were used fo...

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) of the TEM, SHV, or CTX-M type confer resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in gram-negative bacteria. The activity of these enzymes against beta-lactam antibiotics and their resistance against inhibitors can be influenced by genetic variation at the single-nucleotide level. Here, we describe the development and validation of an oligonucleotide microarra...

Debate exists about whether agricultural versus medical antibiotic use drives increasing antibiotic resistance (AR) across nature. Both sectors have been inconsistent at antibiotic stewardship, but it is unclear which sector has most influenced acquired AR on broad scales. Using qPCR and soils archived since 1923 at Askov Experimental Station in Denmark, we quantified four broad-spectrum β-lact...

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of three ampicillin dosage regimens on ampicillin resistance among Enterobacteriaceae recovered from swine feces by use of phenotypic and genotypic approaches. Phenotypically, ampicillin resistance was determined from the percentage of resistant Enterobacteriaceae and MICs of Escherichia coli isolates. The pool of ampicillin resistance genes was al...

INTRODUCTION Expended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacter cloacae is an important nosocomial pathogen. In this study, the prevalence and the molecular epidemiology of ESBL producing E. cloacae strains isolated from various hospitals in Annaba, Algeria were investigated. METHODOLOGY The study involved 63 isolates of E. cloacae obtained during 2009 at the four hospitals in Annaba...