Expansive Black cotton clay soils are widely distributed worldwide, and a significant damage to infrastructure buildigs. It is common practice around the world stabilize black soil using fly ash improve strength of stabilized sub- base sub grade soil. Soil stabilization improvement or bearing capacity by controlled compaction, proportioning addition suitable admixtures stabilizers. The extremel...

Host shifts of phytophagous insect specialists to novel plants can result in divergent ecological adaptation, generating reproductive isolation and potentially new species. Rhagoletis pomonella fruit flies in eastern North America underwent a host shift ~160 ya from native downy hawthorn (Crataegus mollis) to introduced, domesticated apple (Malus domestica). Divergent selection on diapause phen...

BACKGROUND The Esperanza Window Trap (EWT) baited with CO2 and human sweat compounds is attractive to Simulium ochraceum s.l., the primary vector of Onchocerca volvulus in the historically largest endemic foci in México and Guatemala. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The ability of the EWT to locally reduce numbers of questing S. ochraceum s.l. was evaluated in two formerly onchocerciasis endem...

In this study, fish meal (FM) was replaced by the black soldier fly maggot meal (BSFM) with replacement levels at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The feeding trial was conducted for 56 days and the effect of each replacement level on the growth performance, feed utilization, body composition and survival of the experimental fish was assessed. All the experimental diets were well accepted by the fis...

Lipophorin is the major hemolymph protein responsible for lipid transport between tissues of insects. Lipophorins from several insect species in order Diptera (the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster from the suborder Brachycera, the mosquito Aedes aegypti; the phantom midges Chaoborus maximus and minimus; the black fly Simulium vittatum; the crane fly Nephrotoma abbreviata, all from the suborder...