Synopsis Much effort is being deployed in maintaining electricity generation from the UK’s fleet of nuclear power stations with safety being a prime consideration. Up-to-date safety standards demand resistance to hazards which normally include seismic and blast loading, yet many stations were built before such considerations became mandatory. To extend the generating life of older nuclear power...

Experimental and numerical investigations were conducted to assess the effectiveness of polymeric coatings to enhance the blast protection of steel structures. During the experiments test plates were allowed to deform under close-in blast loading and the final deformations of coated and uncoated plates were compared. The coatings were found to reduce the deformation of the plates when applied t...

A study was carried out at the University of Liverpool on the response of a panel/connection of a 1/4 scale stainless steel blast wall under pulse pressure loading. The aim of the work was to investigate the influence of the connection detail on the overall performance of the panel/connection system under pulse pressure loading and to develop appropriate analytical and numerical model of the bl...

In this paper we consider transmission over MIMO channels with channel state information available at the transmitter. This enables the use of precoding as well as an optimization of rate and power distribution over the parallel subchannels in the transmission system (loading). We show that spatial loading provides substantial gains and give a revised version of the V-BLAST algorithm to calcula...

Primary blast injury (PBI) is the general term that refers to injuries resulting from the mere interaction of a blast wave with the body. Although few instances of primary ocular blast injury, without a concomitant secondary blast injury from debris, are documented, some experimental studies demonstrate its occurrence. In order to investigate PBI to the eye, a finite element model of the human ...

This investigation compared four conventional vehicle armour materials for performance under blast loading. The parameters measured were resistance to deformation, mechanical toughness and metallurgical microstructure. It was found that two of these, the M steel and A steel, showed the least deformation and M steel showed better shock energy absorption. B steel had high toughness but showed sig...

Given the sophisticated nature of the blast phenomenon in relation to structures, it is of significance to accurately investigate the structure behavior under blast loads. Due to its rapid and transient nature, blast loading is one of the most important dynamic loadings on the structures. Since masonry materials are widely used as the partition and bearing walls in the existing and newly-built ...

Protection of structures against explosions due to terrorism actions or accidents is a growing concern in the current times. The need for engineers to understand the structural mechanics during blast load events motivated the research leading to this work. This paper investigates the structural response of integrally stiffened panels, with different stiffener configurations, subjected to blast ...

The expense, danger, planning and precision required to create explosions suggests that the computational visual modelling of explosions is worthwhile. However, the short time scale at which explosions occur, and their sheer complexity, poses a difficult modelling challenge. After describing the basic phenomenology of explosion events, we present an efficient computational model of isotropic bl...

Explosions generate extreme forces and pressures They cause massive displacement deformation and breakage of nearby objects The chief damage mechanism of high ex plosives is the blast wave which they generate A practical theory of explosives blast waves and blast loading of structures is presented This is used to develop a simpli ed visual model of explosions for use in computer graphics A heur...