This study examined the use of verbalisms by 62 children aged 7–14 who were totally blind from birth and 64 sighted children. It found that a child's degree of sight and gender did not affect the frequency with which verbalisms were used; only age had a significant positive effect. The study shows that language is a flexible structure that is used correctly by children who are congenitally blin...

Two experiments with eighty-eight 7- to 10-year-olds examined the bias blind spot in children. Both younger and older children rated themselves as less likely than a specific other (Experiment 1) or an average child (Experiment 2) to commit various biases. These self-other differences were also more extreme for biased behaviors than for other behaviors. At times, older children demonstrated str...

It is widely accepted that gesture can serve a communicative function. The purpose of this study was to explore gesture use in congenitally blind individuals who have never seen gesture and have no experience with its communicative function. Four children blind from birth were tested in 3 discourse situations (narrative, reasoning, and spatial directions) and compared with groups of sighted and...

In Indonesia, an education system is implemented where students with special learning needs can get in public schools. One type of child accepted by schools blind. Blind children usually have various things during learning, such as difficulty understanding abstract concepts, low motivation, slow to understand the material, and need repetitive material. Therefore, community service required prov...

Interactive stories are commonly used for learning and entertainment purposes and enhance the development of several perceptual and cognitive skills. These experiences are not very common among blind children because most computer games and electronic toys do not have accessible sound interfaces. This study introduces the idea of interactive hyperstories performed in a 3D acoustic virtual world...

objective: the present study aimed at investigating the relationship between attachment styles and self-efficacy in blind and non-blind female high school students in tehran. methods: the statistical population consisted of all female students studying in grades one or two in tehran girl’s high schools, in the academic year 2014. the study design was causal-comparative, conducted on 120 subject...

In December 1991, almost 439,000 blind and disabled children were receiving Supplemental Security Income (%I) payments. These children made up nearly 9 percent of the more than 5 million SSI recipients in December. By comparison, in December 1980, payments were made to almost 229,000 blind and disabled children (about 6 percent of the 4 million SSI recipients in that month) shown in table 1. To...

Recent literature provides initial evidence that sound can be used for cognitive development purposes in blind children. In this paper we present the design, development, and usability testing of AudioBattleShip, a sound-based interactive environment for blind children. AudioBattleShip is an interactive version of the board Battleship game, providing different interfaces for both sighted and bl...

Sir, One of the prime causes of blindness in premature and preterm infants is retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) as determined in vision 2020 program.[1] As globally the number of blind children figures to 1.4 million with 75% of them from third world countries, the global initiative for the elimination of avoidable blindness targets ROP for prevention of blindness and treatment in an effort to r...