Vectorial Boolean functions are usually called Substitution Boxes (S-Boxes) and are used as basic component of block ciphers in Cryptography. The ciphers that are Substitution-permutation networks use bijective S-Boxes i.e., Boolean permutations. S-Boxes with low differential uniformity and high nonlinearity are considered as cryptographically strong. In this paper we study some properties of S...

We prove that sets with positive upper Banach density in sufficiently large dimensions contain congruent copies of all dilates three specific higher-dimensional patterns. These patterns are: $2^n$ vertices a fixed $n$-dimensional rectangular box, the same extended $n$ points completing three-term arithmetic progressions, and three-point corners. Our results provide common generalizations severa...

Block ciphers are widely used in modern cryptography. Substitution boxes (S–boxes) are main elements of these types of ciphers. In this paper we propose a new method to create S–boxes, which is based on application of Cellular Automata (CA). We present the results of testing CA-based S–boxes. These results confirm that CA are able to realize efficiently the Boolean function corresponding to cla...

Thermal properties of tree hollows play a major role in survival and reproduction of hollow-dependent fauna. Artificial hollows (nest boxes) are increasingly being used to supplement the loss of natural hollows; however, the factors that drive nest box thermal profiles have received surprisingly little attention. We investigated how differences in surface reflectance influenced temperature prof...

Rats with hippocampal aspiration lesions and controls were trained on delayed nonmatching to sample with small complex goal boxes, presented trial uniquely. A series of experiments then used pairs of large or small boxes, presented repeatedly. The lesions impaired choice accuracy when the rats were tested with large empty boxes but not when small boxes containing 3-dimensional objects were used...

BACKGROUND Few studies have explored the microbial contamination of glove boxes in clinical settings. The objective of this observational study was to investigate whether a new glove packaging system in which single gloves are dispensed vertically, cuff end first, has lower levels of contamination on the gloves and on the surface around the box aperture compared with conventional glove boxes. ...