Oxidative stress has been associated with the onset and progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer disease (AD). AD and MCI brain and plasma display extensive oxidative stress as indexed by protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, free radical formation, DNA oxidation, and decreased antioxidants. The most abundant endogenous antioxidant, glutathione, plays a significant role in ...

Free radical-induced oxidative damage is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, and antioxidants are presumably of therapeutic value in such diseases. Our previous data indicated that free radicals are strongly associated with brain aging and also play an important role in cytotoxicity of amyloidogenic proteins including -synuclein and amyloid , which accumulate in bra...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is followed by massive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which mediate secondary cellular damage. Low molecular weight antioxidants (LMWA) constitute one of the defense mechanisms of the brain, and their levels correlate with post-TBI outcome. Melatonin, the main pineal hormone, possesses antioxidant properties. We investigated the effects of melatonin on...

Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the level of antioxidants and oxidants in a cell. Oxidative stress has been shown in brain of subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as well Alzheimer's disease (AD). MCI is considered as a transition phase between control and AD. The focus of the current study was to identify nitrated proteins in the hippocampus and inferior parietal lobule (IPL)...

The recent era is witnessing evaluation of medicinal and nutritional value of fruits and fruit juices for the management and prevention of brain diseases like headache stress, anxiety, hypertension, and Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases by the scientists and researchers worldwide. Fruits possess various chemicals such as antioxidants and polyphenols, which reduce and balance the effect of ho...

Abstract —This review provides information about the features of cognitive dysfunctions that occur in various diseases and conditions, data on history creation characteristic nootropics. The presents mechanisms action spectrum pharmacological effects nootropic drugs from groups: affect brain metabolism, neurotransmitter systems (cholinergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic, others), cerebral vasodilat...

Oxidative stress has been implicated in pathogenesis of streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetes mellitus and its complication in central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies have provided insights on antioxidants and their emergence as potential therapeutic and nutraceutical. The present study examined the hypothesis that hesperidin (HP) ameliorates oxidative stress and may be a limiting factor...

A number of natural and chemical compounds that exert anti-oxidative properties are demonstrated to be beneficial for brain and cognitive function, and some are reported to reduce the risk of dementia. However, the detailed mechanisms by which those anti-oxidative compounds show positive effects on cognition and dementia are still unclear. An emerging body of evidence suggests that the integrit...