A 37-year-old previously healthy man presented with a localized headache and a progressive enlarging mass in the left frontal area for more than 8 months. He also reported a history of head injury in the same area sustained two years before. On physical examination, the mass (about 28 mm in diameter) was hard to pressure with freely mobile skin above the lesion in the left frontal sus-orbital r...

The fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis causes human alveolar echinococcosis, commonly affecting the liver. However, in ∼1% of cases, systematic spread of the disease involves the brain as well. A patient had a 6-year history of liver and lung alveolar echinococcosis that was considered not suitable for surgery, and treatment with albendazole was introduced. After the appearance of neurolo...

A 39-year-old woman presented with multiple branch retinal artery occlusions almost three years before developing a mass lesion containing calcium in the left frontal lobe. Brain biopsy revealed a small vessel vasculitis and ischemic necrosis of brain with dystrophic calcification. We believe this to be the first case of primary CNS vasculitis with branch retinal artery occlusions and brain cal...

Though most primary brain gliomas present as a single mass lesion in the brain, this potential diagnosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis when faced with a case of multifocal brain mass lesions. Among the most common brain tumors in humans, glioblastomas can be classified into four classes, one of which consists of anaplastic astrocytomas (AA). Due to its significant malignant p...

An uncommon consequence of intracranial vascular disease is the intramural dissection of blood or "dissecting aneurysm". A 69-year-old man with chronic subarachnoid hemorrhage from a posterior fossa mass lesion and a 30-year-old man with migraine and a brain stem stroke illustrate the diverse etiologic, clinical, radiographic, and pathologic characteristics of this unusual lesion.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is one of the rarest vascular tumor found in brain. In pediatric group patients, proportion EHE only 0.02% all brain neoplasms, and therefore oncogenesis causes are currently not well understood. Intracranial localization extremely rare, nevertheless, this type neoplasm should be included differential diagnostic series when multiple small intracerebral mas...

ventricular system can be manifested as changes in intracranial pressure (ICP) and thus affect the clinical findings. However, slow-growing lesions of a primary CNS origin located in clinically silent regions of the brain such as the frontal lobe may be present for years before detection. Autopsy diagnosis reveals that nearly 25% of patients who die of cancer had intracranial metastasis (Fig. 1...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) may sometimes present as a mass lesion that is clinically and radiologically indistinguishable from brain tumor. The initial recognition of such cases is essential to avoid a surgical intervention and supplementary treatment. Sometimes areas adjacent to a tumor may present similar histopathological features with non-neoplastic demyelinating lesions. Thus, the proper prep...

The median survival time of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has been 9 months. Given the short survival, there have been only few cases in which brain metastases have been diagnosed and treated before death. Three cases of brain metastases treated by gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) are reported. Case I showed a metastatic lesion in the right frontal lobe which was treated by GKR two years a...