OBJECTIVE Brain damage is universal in the rare survivor of unwitnessed cardiac arrest. Non-pulsatile-controlled cerebral reperfusion offsets this damage, but may simultaneously cause brain oedema when delivered at the required the high mean perfusion pressure. This study analyses pulsatile perfusion first in control pigs and then using controlled reperfusion after prolonged normothermic brain ...

Two children presented with a first episode of diabetic ketoacidosis. Initially both patients made a good clinical and biochemical recovery, but suddenly developed neurological signs consistent with a diagnosis of tentorial herniation. Cranial computed tomography showed signs of cerebral oedema in both cases with evidence of uncal and tentorial herniation in 1 patient, which resolved after the ...

Focal cerebral ischaemia and post-ischaemic reperfusion cause cerebral capillary dysfunction, resulting in oedema formation and haemorrhagic conversion. There are substantial gaps in understanding the pathophysiology, especially regarding early molecular participants. Here, we review physiological and molecular mechanisms involved. We reaffirm the central role of Starling's principle, which sta...

Dried oleander leaves at single lethal dose of 110 mg/kg body weight were administered orally to fivenative female goats. Clinical signs of toxicosis in goats began to appear about 1 hr after receiving theoleander and included abdominal pain, ruminal atony and tympany, frequent urination, bradycardia,tachycardia, tachyarrhythmia, depression, weakness and convulsive movement and death at the end...

From a group of 11 recently weaned pigs, 4 were reported to be sick. Clinical examination of the sick pigs revealed marked dyspnoea, bluish-red discolouration of the skin, incoordination and difficulty in walking. Bacteriological examination of the gut contents of 2 pigs that had died earlier yielded pure cultures of haemolytic Escherichia coli. Post mortem examination of the remaining 2 pigs t...

✔ Objective: It has been shown that excess amount of glutamate released after primary neuronal injury by head trauma causes secondary injuries in the adult brain. Aiming to prevent this secondary injury a wide range of N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist drugs have been investigated in experimental studies. Magnesium sulphate and memantine are pharmacological agents widely used clinically ...

A 67-year-old man with headache and dizziness was submitted to a contrast-enhanced CT of the brain that showed an area of nonhomogeneous contrast enhancement in the right temporal lobe. Initially, the MRI was not performed, due to a metallic sliver in the skull. A PET/CT with 18F-choline, carried out to obtain a metabolic characterization of the brain, showed an area of focal uptake in the righ...

To determine under what circumstances hypertension is associated with brain oedema, the specific gravity of the brain was measured in acutely hypertensive, renal hypertensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Maximum mean arterial pressure (MAP) in acute hypertension induced by intravenous amphetamine or bicuculline was 171 +/- 5 and 181 +/- 5 mmHg respectively. In spite of pronounced extrav...

The aim of the study was to detect brain oedema with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T(2) relaxation time which is an indicator of brain water was measured one day prior to the first ECT and at two hours after second ECT in five depressive patients prescribed right unilateral (RUL) ECT. MRI T(2), relaxation time was measured in hippocampus (He) and thalamus (Th...