ion Class Design Encapsulation, intra class complexity, proper placement of methods and attributes, choice of class protocol. Labels or names of attributes and methods. Number of attributes, etc. Use of global variables, polymorphism, or information hiding. CD.2 number of methods per class CD.6 class vs instance variables what to put in each CD.7 Polymorphism and information hiding CD.10 underl...

The mechanisms of physical and chemical interactions of low temperature plasmas with surfaces can be fruitfully explored using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. MD simulations follow the detailed motion of sets of interacting atoms through integration of atomic equations of motion, using inter-atomic potentials that can account for bond breaking and formation that result when energetic speci...

Supported by the Chinese Natural Science Foundation (grants 81072503) Haiting Wang, MM, Ting Li, MD, Sheng Chen, MD, Yueying Gu, MD, Shuang Ye, MD: Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital South Campus, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200001 China Address correspondence to Shuang Ye, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital South Campus, School of Medicine, Sh...

CONTEXT Not all research presented at scientific meetings is subsequently published and, even when it is, there may be inconsistencies between these results and what is ultimately printed. Although late-breaking trials sessions are now integrated into several major scientific meetings and the results are often promptly and prominently communicated, no studies have examined the publication fate ...

To enable large-scale atomistic simulations of material processes involving chemical reactions, we have designed linear-scaling molecular dynamics (MD) algorithms based on an embedded divide-and-conquer (EDC) framework: first principles-based fast reactive forcefield (F-ReaxFF) MD; and quantum-mechanical MD in the framework of the density functional theory (DFT) on adaptive multigrids. To map t...

The talk reviews the current status of knowledge concerning mu, md and ms. Qualitative aspects of the resulting picture for the breaking of isospin and eightfold way symmetries are discussed. At a more quantitative level, the review focuses on the chiral perturbation theory results for the masses of the Goldstone bosons. The corresponding bounds and estimates for the ratios mu/md and ms/md are ...

We propose a model independent procedure to deduce from the 1sbinding energy of heavy, neutron rich pionic atoms, the isovector scattering length b1 of the pion nucleus interaction. It is related to the pion decay constant fπ, the order parameter of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and thus to the value of the chiral quark condensate. Based on the results with pionic 205Pb, we find with the...

A modified linear sigma model that allows for g A = 1.26 by addition of vector and pseudovector πN coupling terms was discussed by Bjorken and Nauenberg and by Lee. In this extended linear sigma model the elastic πN scattering amplitudes satisfy the relevant chiral low-energy theorems, such as the Weinberg-Tomozawa relation for the isovector πN scattering length and in some cases Adler's " cons...