Pulmonary function studies were performed in 25 patients with pulmonary emphysema, diagnosed by clinical, roentgenographic and functional examinations. Lung function tests included spirometry, flow-volume curve, body plethysmography and single breathholding carbon monoxide transfer test. The spirometric ratio of forced expiratory to forced inspiratory volumes for the first 0.5 second (FEV0.5 /F...

chloroform was the only ansesthetic available and was used for all purposes. It was supposed to be free from danger in a tropical climate on account of the rapidity of vaporization at high atmospheric temperatures, though whether this is so in the humid atmosphere of the monsoon months is open to doubt. Any advantages it may have possessed on this account were neutralized by the fact that the a...

I was interested to read the case report of bathing epilepsy published by Stutchfield and Loh [1] and wish to comment on several misleading statements and factual errors. As the authors would know, we have published a comprehensive review of bath-induced events [2]. Since then, three further papers on bathing epilepsy have been published [3–6] together with a letter [6] confirming that what was...

The acquisition duration of most three-dimensional (3D) coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) techniques is considerably prolonged, thereby precluding breathholding as a mechanism to suppress respiratory motion artifacts. Splitting the acquired 3D volume into multiple subvolumes or slabs serves to shorten individual breathhold duration. Still, problems associated with misregistration du...

Management of the cardiac patient includes pre-operative, anesthetic, operative, and postoperative procedures which interfere minimally with physiological function. All phases of surgical care are affected by the drugs and anesthetics used, but of paramount importance to the anethesiologist is the actual anesthetic procedure. A technic should be selected that will provide optimal working condit...

BACKGROUND One in three young people use cannabis in Canada. Cannabis use can be associated with a variety of health problems which occur primarily among intensive/frequent users. Availability and effectiveness of conventional treatment for cannabis use is limited. While Brief Interventions (BIs) have been shown to result in short-term reductions of cannabis use risks or problems, few studies h...

We read with great interest the recent original article by Camargo et al. [1] titled “Abnormal Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease.” Authors observed that patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have impaired cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) as compared to those without orthostatic hypotension (OH) and to the control subjects. Also, authors have reported that there wa...

CONTEXT Dyspnea remains a therapeutic challenge, especially in chronic respiratory conditions. Recent studies have shown that the induction of unpleasant dyspnea sensations activates areas in the insular cortex. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate the potential effects of ondansetron, a potent anti-serotonin agent, on induced dyspnea sensation. TYPE OF STUDY A randomized double...

New ultrafast gradient systems and hybrid imaging sequences make it possible to acquire a complete image in real time, without the need for breathholding or electrocardiogram (ECG) triggering. In 21 patients, left ventricular function was assessed by the use of a turbo-gradient echo technique, an echo-planar imaging (EPI) technique, and a new real-time imaging technique. End-diastolic and end-s...

Background: In addition to cerebral hemodynamics in a resting condition also the cerebral hemodynamics can be investigated after a challenge. This challenge can also be called stress-test and the parameter that is measured is often called cerebrovascular reserve or cerebrovascular reactivity. To investigate the Cerebrovascular reserve two things are needed: first a measurement method that can q...