Disease severity in viral bronchiolitis in infancy is difficult to predict and has been linked to host innate immunity. The study aimed to investigate the innate cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) as a marker of disease severity.A prospective single-centre observational study was conducted in a university-affiliated paediatric teaching hospital, comparing children (0-18 months) hospitalised for vi...

Bronchiolitis obliterans is a complication after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Management of bronchiolitis obliterans comprises intensive immunosuppression, but treatment response is poor. We investigated the effect of cyclosporine A (CsA), tacrolimus (FK506), methylprednisolone (mPRED), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and everolimus on the proliferation of primary lun...

AIM To analyze the frequency of pleural effusion and the effect on prognosis in children with acute bronchiolitis. METHODS A total of 69 infants aged 1-24 months with acute bronchiolitis were studied between September 2009 and December 2010. All patients'age, sex, breastfeeding duration, exposure to smoking, history of using vitamin D, symptoms duration, physical examination and laboratory fi...

Background and Objective: Bronchiolitis is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in children. High-flow nasal cannulas (HFNCs) are an alternative for managing moderate to severe cases. Our aim was to describe the outcomes in critically ill children with bronchiolitis who receive HFNC support. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of critically ill children wh...

Objective: Bronchiolitis is a clinical syndrome with a seasonal distribution that varies by location. Data regarding its temporal distribution in Israel are limited, and there are no available data specifically for the Jerusalem area. The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal distribution of cases of bronchiolitis that were clinically diagnosed in a system of urgent-care centers bas...

Bronchiolar abnormalities are relatively common and occur in a variety of clinical settings. Various histopathologic patterns of bronchiolar injury have been described and have led to confusing nomenclature with redundant and overlapping terms. Some histopathologic patterns of bronchiolar disease may be relatively unique to a specific clinical context but others are nonspecific with respect to ...

Background: In young children, bronchiolitis is the most common illness resulting in hospitalization. For children less than age two, bronchiolitis incurs an annual total inpatient cost of $1.73 billion. Each year in the U.S., 287,000 emergency department (ED) visits occur because of bronchiolitis, with a hospital admission rate of 32-40%. Due to a lack of evidence and objective criteria for ma...

OBJECTIVE To examine the timing and duration of RSV bronchiolitis hospital admission among term and preterm infants in England and to identify risk factors for bronchiolitis admission. DESIGN A population-based birth cohort with follow-up to age 1 year, using the Hospital Episode Statistics database. SETTING 71 hospitals across England. PARTICIPANTS We identified 296618 individual birth r...

BACKGROUND Bronchiolitis is one of the major causes for hospital admissions in infants. Managing bronchiolitis, both in the outpatient and inpatient setting remains a challenge to the treating pediatrician. The effectiveness of various interventions used for infants with bronchiolitis remains unclear. NEED AND PURPOSE To evaluate the evidence supporting the use of currently available treatmen...

Abstract Background Bronchiolitis is a clinical syndrome commonly encountered in practice, particularly among infants and young children. To investigate the prevalence of pathogens hospitalized children with bronchiolitis study characteristics or without coinfections. Methods We investigated respiratory specimens data 1012 who were treated at Children’s Hospital Soochow University between Novem...